24-Epibrassinolide and Sodium Nitroprusside alleviate the salinity stress in Brassica juncea L. cv. Varuna through cross talk among proline, nitrogen metabolism and abscisic acid

Gupta, Purnima; Srivastava, Sudhakar; Seth, Chandra Shekhar

doi:10.1007/s11104-016-3043-6

“…8. Activation of the EBR signal transduction pathway may lead to upregulation of the AMT1 , NRT1, and GS/GOGAT genes in Arabidopsis [23, 71, 72]. The positive correlation was reported between ion flux rate, root activity and bleeding rate (Table 2), are suggesting that EBR minimized the detrimental effects induced by suboptimal RZT, and could explain mechanism of NH 4 + and NO 3 − influx rates, that’s significantly higher in EBR treated seedlings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

24-Epibrassinolide promotes NO3− and NH4+ ion flux rate and NRT1 gene expression in cucumber under suboptimal root zone temperature

Anwar

¹

,

Li

²

,

He

³

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Suboptimal root zone temperature (RZT) causes a remarkable reduction in growth of horticultural crops during winter cultivation under greenhouse production. However, limited information is available on the effects of suboptimal RZT on nitrogen (N) metabolism in cucumber seedlings. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBR) on nitrate and ammonium flux rate, N metabolism, and transcript levels of NRT1 family genes under suboptimal RZT in cucumber seedlings. Results Suboptimal RZT (LT) negatively affected on cucumber growth and proportionately decreased EBR contents, bleeding rate, root activity, enzyme activities of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT), nitrate (NO 3 − ) influx rate, ammonium (NH 4 + ) efflux rate, and transcript levels of nitrate transporter ( NRT1 ) encoding genes. However, exogenous EBR reduced the harmful effects of suboptimal RZT and increased endogenous EBR contents, bleeding rate, root activity, enzyme activities of NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT, NH 4 + and NO 3 − flux rates and contents, and N accumulation. EBR-treated seedlings also upregulated the transcript levels of nitrate transporters CsNRT1.1 , CsNRT1.2A , CsNRT1.2B , CsNRT1.2C , CsNRT1.3 , CsNRT1.4A , CsNRT1.5B , CsNRT1.5C , CsNRT1.9 , and CsNRT1.10 , and downregulated CsNRT1.5A and CsNRT1.8 . LT treatment upregulated the expression level of CsNRT1.5A , while exogenous BZR application downregulated the expression level of NRT1 genes. Conclusion These results indicate that exogenous application of EBR alleviated the harmful effects of suboptimal RZT through changes in N metabolism, NH 4 + and NO 3 − flux rates, and NRT1 gene expression, leading to improved cucumber seedlings growth. Our study provides the first evidence of the role of EBR in the response to suboptimal RZT in cucumber, and can be used to improve vegetable production. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1838-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

“…Root length, seedling length (including aboveground and underground parts) and leaf area index were determined after 7 days of treatment. Leaf area index was measured using graph paper according to the method of Gupta et al (2017). Plant roots were gently removed from the perlite, and then washed three times with deionized water to remove adhered perlite particles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

H2S Alleviates Salinity Stress in Cucumber by Maintaining the Na+/K+ Balance and Regulating H2S Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Response

Jiang

¹

,

Tian

²

,

Li

³

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salinity stress from soil or irrigation water can significantly limit the growth and development of plants. Emerging evidence suggests that hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), as a versatile signal molecule, can ameliorate salt stress-induced adverse effects. However, the possible physiological mechanism underlying H 2 S-alleviated salt stress in cucumber remains unclear. Here, a pot experiment was conducted with an aim to examine the possible mechanism of H 2 S in enhancement of cucumber salt stress tolerance. The results showed that H 2 S ameliorated salt-induced growth inhibition and alleviated the reduction in photosynthetic attributes, chlorophyll fluorescence and stomatal parameters. Meanwhile H 2 S increased the endogenous H 2 S level concomitant with increased activities of D/L-cysteine desulfhydrase and β-cyanoalanine synthase and decreased activities of O-acetyl-L-serine(thiol)lyase under excess NaCl. Notably, H 2 S maintained Na + and K + homeostasis via regulation of the expression of PM H + -ATPase , SOS1 and SKOR at the transcriptional level under excess NaCl. Moreover, H 2 S alleviated salt-induced oxidative stress as indicated by lowered lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species accumulation through an enhanced antioxidant system. Altogether, these results demonstrated that application of H 2 S could protect cucumber seedlings against salinity stress, likely by keeping the Na + /K + balance, controlling the endogenous H 2 S level by regulating the H 2 S synthetic and decomposition enzymes, and preventing oxidative stress by enhancing the antioxidant system under salinity stress.

show abstract

“…Both NO donor and scavenger (100 μM) were sprayed singly on the leaves of plants 2 days before the plants were exposed to the salt stress. The dose selection of PTI and SNP was selected on the basis of previous studies ( Esringu et al, 2016 ; Gupta et al, 2017 ; da Silva Leite et al, 2019 ). The 2nd experiment was composed of the following treatments:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ursolic Acid Limits Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage by Interfering With Nitric Oxide Production and Oxidative Defense Machinery in Rice

Long

¹

,

Shou²,

Wang

³

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Crops frequently encounter abiotic stresses, and salinity is a prime factor that suppresses plant growth and crop productivity, globally. Ursolic acid (UA) is a potential signaling molecule that alters physiology and biochemical processes and activates the defense mechanism in numerous animal models; however, effects of UA in plants under stress conditions and the underlying mechanism of stress alleviation have not been explored yet. This study examined the effects of foliar application of UA (100 µM) to mitigate salt stress in three rice cultivars (HZ, 712, and HAY). A pot experiment was conducted in a climate-controlled greenhouse with different salt stress treatments. The results indicated that exposure to NaCl-induced salinity reduces growth of rice cultivars by damaging chlorophyll pigment and chloroplast, particularly at a higher stress level. Application of UA alleviated adverse effects of salinity by suppressing oxidative stress (H 2 O 2 , O 2−) and stimulating activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants (APX, CAT, POD, GR, GSH, AsA, proline, glycinebutane), as well as protecting cell membrane integrity (MDA, LOX, EL). Furthermore, UA application brought about a significant increase in the concentration of leaf nitric oxide (NO) by modulating the expression of NR and NOS enzymes. It seems that UA application also influenced Na + efflux and maintained a lower cytosolic Na + /K + ratio via concomitant upregulation of OsSOS1 and OsHKT1;5 in rice cultivars. The results of pharmacological tests have shown that supply of the NO scavenger (PTI) completely reversed the UA-induced salt tolerance in rice cultivars by quenching endogenous NO and triggering oxidative stress, Na + uptake, and lipid peroxidation. The PTI application with UA and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) also caused growth retardation and a significant increase in Na + uptake and oxidative stress in rice cultivars. This suggests that UA promoted salt tolerance of rice cultivars by triggering NO production and limiting toxic ion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. These results revealed that both UA and NO are together required to develop a salt tolerance response in rice.

show abstract

24-Epibrassinolide and Sodium Nitroprusside alleviate the salinity stress in Brassica juncea L. cv. Varuna through cross talk among proline, nitrogen metabolism and abscisic acid

Cited by 103 publications

References 69 publications

24-Epibrassinolide promotes NO3− and NH4+ ion flux rate and NRT1 gene expression in cucumber under suboptimal root zone temperature

24-Epibrassinolide promotes NO3− and NH4+ ion flux rate and NRT1 gene expression in cucumber under suboptimal root zone temperature

H2S Alleviates Salinity Stress in Cucumber by Maintaining the Na+/K+ Balance and Regulating H2S Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Response

Ursolic Acid Limits Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage by Interfering With Nitric Oxide Production and Oxidative Defense Machinery in Rice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About