“…1028 articles were screened for eligibility, of which 253 were included in the full-text screening (figure 1). 36 studies21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56 met our inclusion criteria for the systematic review (table) and 18 articles21, 22, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 33, 38, 41, 43, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 54 were included in the meta-analyses.Figure 1Study selection…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All 36 studies included in the systematic review had a cross-sectional design, used a combination of qualitative and social research methodologies, such as interviews and surveys, and included data for 12 168 international migrants employed in 13 countries and territories: USA (n=17),21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 Singapore (n=3),38, 39, 40 Thailand (n=3),41, 42, 43 Italy (n=2),44, 45 Qatar (n=2),46, 47 South Korea (n=2),48, 49 United Arab Emirates (n=2),46, 50 Spain (n=1), 51 Saudi Arabia (n=1), 46 Hong Kong (n=1), 52 Lebanon (n=1), 53 Malaysia (n=1), 54 and Taiwan (n=1) 55 . Although country of origin and migrant number from different origin countries was not always reported, international migrants in the included studies originated from 25 countries: Ecuador, 51 Morocco,45, 51 Romania, 51 Colombia, 51 Thailand, 48 Vietnam,27, 48, 49 Philippines,25, 39, 47, 48, 53 India,38, 47, 50, 54 Bangladesh,38, 47, 50, 53 Pakistan,47, 50 Nepal,46, 47, 53, 54 Mexico,34, 37, 56 Guatamala,28, 34, 37, 56 Indonesia,39, 52, 54, 55 Ethiopia, 53 …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The identified studies predominantly described occupational health outcomes among migrant workers employed in unskilled manual labour. We categorised the professions of included migrants into four groups: 16 studies21, 22, 23, 26, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 42, 46, 47, 56 included agricultural workers; 13 studies24, 25, 27, 28, 39, 44, 45, 46, 47, 50, 52, 53, 55 included domestic, retail, and service sector workers; eight studies24, 28, 38, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50 included construction and trade labourers; and five studies41, 43, 44, 45, 54 included manufacturing and processing workers.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies including domestic workers, retail, and services sector employees reported outcomes associated with depression,50, 55 stress,39, 45 and other psychiatric problems,44, 53 in addition to physical outcomes 25, 28, 46, 52. Across these studies, the prevalence and type of reported outcomes varied considerably, ranging from 19% of workers in Qatar with a self-reported health problem, 47 to 94% of workers in Hong Kong reporting oral or dental health needs 52 …”
Background Globally, there are more than 150 million international migrant workers-individuals who are employed outside of their country of origin-comprising the largest international migrant group. A substantial number of migrants work in hazardous and exploitative environments, where they might be at considerable risk of injury and ill health. However, little data on occupational health outcomes of migrant workers exist, with which to inform global policy making and delivery of health services. Methods For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid Global Health, and PsychINFO databases for primary research published between Jan 1, 2008, and Jan 24, 2018, reporting occupational health outcomes among international migrant workers (defined as individuals who are or have been employed outside their country of origin), without language or geographical restrictions. We excluded studies containing mixed cohorts of migrants and native workers in which migrant data could not be disaggregated, and studies that did not explicitly report migrant status. The main outcome was prevalence of occupational health outcomes (defined as any injury, mortality, or physical or psychiatric morbidity due to an individual's work or workplace environment) among international migrant workers. Summary estimates were calculated using random-effects models. The study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42018099465. Findings Of the 1218 studies identified by our search, 36 studies were included in our systematic review, and 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The systematic review included occupational health outcomes for 12 168 international migrant workers employed in 13 countries and territories, mostly employed in unskilled manual labour. Migrant workers originated from 25 low-income and middle-income countries, and worked in the following sectors: agriculture; domestic, retail, and service sectors; construction and trade; and manufacturing and processing. Migrant workers had various psychiatric and physical morbidities, and workplace accidents and injuries were relatively common. In the meta-analysis, among 7260 international migrant workers, the pooled prevalence of having at least one occupational morbidity was 47% (95% CI 29-64; I²=99•70%). Among 3890 migrant workers, the prevalence of having at least one injury or accident, including falls from heights, fractures and dislocations, ocular injuries, and cuts was 22% (7-37; I²=99•35%). Interpretation International migrant workers are at considerable risk of work-related ill health and injury, and their health needs are critically overlooked in research and policy. Governments, policy makers, and businesses must enforce and improve occupational health and safety measures, which should be accompanied by accessible, affordable, and appropriate health care and insurance coverage to meet the care needs of this important working population. Funding Wellcome Trust.
“…1028 articles were screened for eligibility, of which 253 were included in the full-text screening (figure 1). 36 studies21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56 met our inclusion criteria for the systematic review (table) and 18 articles21, 22, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 33, 38, 41, 43, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 54 were included in the meta-analyses.Figure 1Study selection…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All 36 studies included in the systematic review had a cross-sectional design, used a combination of qualitative and social research methodologies, such as interviews and surveys, and included data for 12 168 international migrants employed in 13 countries and territories: USA (n=17),21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 Singapore (n=3),38, 39, 40 Thailand (n=3),41, 42, 43 Italy (n=2),44, 45 Qatar (n=2),46, 47 South Korea (n=2),48, 49 United Arab Emirates (n=2),46, 50 Spain (n=1), 51 Saudi Arabia (n=1), 46 Hong Kong (n=1), 52 Lebanon (n=1), 53 Malaysia (n=1), 54 and Taiwan (n=1) 55 . Although country of origin and migrant number from different origin countries was not always reported, international migrants in the included studies originated from 25 countries: Ecuador, 51 Morocco,45, 51 Romania, 51 Colombia, 51 Thailand, 48 Vietnam,27, 48, 49 Philippines,25, 39, 47, 48, 53 India,38, 47, 50, 54 Bangladesh,38, 47, 50, 53 Pakistan,47, 50 Nepal,46, 47, 53, 54 Mexico,34, 37, 56 Guatamala,28, 34, 37, 56 Indonesia,39, 52, 54, 55 Ethiopia, 53 …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The identified studies predominantly described occupational health outcomes among migrant workers employed in unskilled manual labour. We categorised the professions of included migrants into four groups: 16 studies21, 22, 23, 26, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 42, 46, 47, 56 included agricultural workers; 13 studies24, 25, 27, 28, 39, 44, 45, 46, 47, 50, 52, 53, 55 included domestic, retail, and service sector workers; eight studies24, 28, 38, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50 included construction and trade labourers; and five studies41, 43, 44, 45, 54 included manufacturing and processing workers.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies including domestic workers, retail, and services sector employees reported outcomes associated with depression,50, 55 stress,39, 45 and other psychiatric problems,44, 53 in addition to physical outcomes 25, 28, 46, 52. Across these studies, the prevalence and type of reported outcomes varied considerably, ranging from 19% of workers in Qatar with a self-reported health problem, 47 to 94% of workers in Hong Kong reporting oral or dental health needs 52 …”
Background Globally, there are more than 150 million international migrant workers-individuals who are employed outside of their country of origin-comprising the largest international migrant group. A substantial number of migrants work in hazardous and exploitative environments, where they might be at considerable risk of injury and ill health. However, little data on occupational health outcomes of migrant workers exist, with which to inform global policy making and delivery of health services. Methods For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid Global Health, and PsychINFO databases for primary research published between Jan 1, 2008, and Jan 24, 2018, reporting occupational health outcomes among international migrant workers (defined as individuals who are or have been employed outside their country of origin), without language or geographical restrictions. We excluded studies containing mixed cohorts of migrants and native workers in which migrant data could not be disaggregated, and studies that did not explicitly report migrant status. The main outcome was prevalence of occupational health outcomes (defined as any injury, mortality, or physical or psychiatric morbidity due to an individual's work or workplace environment) among international migrant workers. Summary estimates were calculated using random-effects models. The study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42018099465. Findings Of the 1218 studies identified by our search, 36 studies were included in our systematic review, and 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The systematic review included occupational health outcomes for 12 168 international migrant workers employed in 13 countries and territories, mostly employed in unskilled manual labour. Migrant workers originated from 25 low-income and middle-income countries, and worked in the following sectors: agriculture; domestic, retail, and service sectors; construction and trade; and manufacturing and processing. Migrant workers had various psychiatric and physical morbidities, and workplace accidents and injuries were relatively common. In the meta-analysis, among 7260 international migrant workers, the pooled prevalence of having at least one occupational morbidity was 47% (95% CI 29-64; I²=99•70%). Among 3890 migrant workers, the prevalence of having at least one injury or accident, including falls from heights, fractures and dislocations, ocular injuries, and cuts was 22% (7-37; I²=99•35%). Interpretation International migrant workers are at considerable risk of work-related ill health and injury, and their health needs are critically overlooked in research and policy. Governments, policy makers, and businesses must enforce and improve occupational health and safety measures, which should be accompanied by accessible, affordable, and appropriate health care and insurance coverage to meet the care needs of this important working population. Funding Wellcome Trust.
“…Currently, there are 2.3 million Filipino domestic workers (FDWs) across the world [ 14 ]. One previous study with 32 migrant Filipino live-in caregivers (average age = 51 years old) in the US reported average low sleep quality (3.3 out of 5 based on a five-point sleep quality questionnaire) along with excessive daytime sleepiness (40.0%) [ 15 ]. Evidence from other studies also suggests that labor migrants experience insomnia, sleep deprivation, and poor sleep quality, accompanied by high levels of anxiety and depression [ 16 , 17 ].…”
Objectives: Evaluate the psychometric properties and structural validity of the Filipino version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among Filipino domestic workers (FDWs). Methods: In Study 1, 131 FDWs completed PSQI and other scales, along with 10-day actigraphic assessment with accompanying electronic daily sleep dairy. A subsample of 61 participants completed follow-up assessment after 10 days. In Study 2, 1363 FDWs were recruited and randomized into two halves. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used in the two halves, respectively. Results: In Study 1, the Cronbach’s alpha of the PSQI was 0.63 at baseline and 0.67 at follow-up. Test-retest reliability for the PSQI global score based on intraclass correlation was 0.63. Convergent validity was supported by the significant associations between the PSQI global score, PSQI components scores, sleep patterns from the daily sleep diary, and measures of depression, anxiety, and rumination. Small correlations between the PSQI global score and measures of daytime sleepiness, social support, and self-reported height, supported discriminant validity. In Study 2, EFA yielded two PSQI factors with acceptable factor loadings. CFA established that this two-factor model, comprised of perceived sleep quality and sleep efficiency, evidenced better model fit than alternative models tested. The Cronbach’s alpha of two factors was 0.70 and 0.81, respectively. Conclusions: The PSQI demonstrated good internal consistency of two factors, and good convergent, and divergent validity. Results can be referenced in future studies to measure and screen sleep dysfunction among clinical and non-clinical populations in the Philippines.
Background
While many states have legal provisions to extend workers' compensation eligibility to day laborers or domestic workers hired directly by homeowners or families, little is known about the nature or frequency of injury claims submitted on behalf of these “residential employees.”
Methods
We examined California workers' compensation claims records for injuries that appear to have occurred in residential settings between 2008 and 2018 and where the employer of record was an individual or family. We examined the demographic, occupational, and injury characteristics of our sample and analyzed factors that contribute to the likelihood of a claim resulting in some sort of payment.
Results
We identified 5,463 workers' compensation claims that were likely submitted on behalf of residential employees. Claims most commonly reflected injuries to workers performing housekeeping tasks, followed by construction/maintenance and caregiving. Workers performing construction/maintenance or gardening/landscaping tasks were more likely to be injured on the same day of hire and were more likely to require hospitalization or emergency treatment for their injuries; however, these workers also had a smaller proportion of claims that resulted in payment. We found that employment tenure had the biggest impact on the likelihood of payment, with the odds increasing sharply after the first day of work.
Conclusions
Although the claims in our data set likely represent only a small fraction of all injuries to residential day laborers and domestic workers during this period, we suggest that workers' compensation claims can provide valuable clues for better understanding occupational injuries among workers in this largely informal sector.
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