24GHz Digital beamforming radar with T-shaped antenna array for three-dimensional object detection

Abstract

This paper introduces a radar system for three-dimensional (3D) object detection and imaging. The presented 3D measurement method combines the frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) approach for range measurements with a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique for digital beamforming in two dimensions. With an orthogonal arrangement of the antenna arrays for transmit and receive, the angular information is obtained in azimuth and elevation without mechanical beamsteering. The proposed principle allows performing 3D imaging by means of the acquired range, azimuth, and elevation information with a minimum of required hardware. Starting from the realization of the 3D radar imaging concept, the hardware architecture and the developed prototype are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the object detection capability of the 3D imaging radar system is demonstrated by measurements. The results show that the introduced 3D measurement concept in its realization is well suited for numerous applications.

A simulator for multi-user automotive radar scenarios

“…A windowing follows prior to the fast Fourier transform. The DBF-processing is done as described in [14], followed by a tracking procedure based on a linear Kalman filter with additional plausibility checks to handle a multi-target environment as it is considered here. The simulation results show the valid tracks for the undisturbed 2015 IEEE MTT-S International Conference on Microwaves for Intelligent Mobility 978-1-4799-7215-9/15/$31.00 ©2015 IEEE radar (Fig.…”

Error analysis and self-calibration of a digital beamforming radar system

“…It combines the classical target range and velocity measurement with the additional capability of angular measurement in two dimensions [2]. Due to an orthogonal arrangement of the transmit and receive antenna arrays in form of an inverted 'T' (see Fig.…”

“…The transmit and receive antenna arrays consist of patch-antennas, which have a distance of d Tx = 14.2 mm and d Rx = 14.5 mm, respectively. More detailed information about the 3D-DBF radar system can be found in [2].…”

Passive parasitic UWB antenna capable of switched beam‐forming in the WLAN frequency band using an optimal reactance load algorithm

“…However, a dual feed was used for two applications (UWB and Bluetooth), the maximum gain was 6 dBi, and beam‐forming was impossible. To solve the above problems, smart antenna technologies such as a phased array beam‐forming antenna and digital beam‐forming antenna capable of steering a beam in the desired direction are being studied. Conventional beam‐forming antennas are effective in increasing the antenna gain using an array antenna structure.…”