25-Hydroxycholesterol impairs endothelial function and vasodilation by uncoupling and inhibiting endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Ou, Zhi‐Jun; Chen, Jing; Dai, Wei; Liu, Xiang; Yang, Yinke; Li, Yan; Lin, Ze-Bang; Wang, Tiantian; Wu, Yingying; Su, Dan-Hong; Cheng, Tian-Pu; Wang, Zhiping; Tao, Jun; Ou, Jing‐Song

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00218.2016

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Studies have demonstrated the capacity of incense smoke to induce oxidative stress and inflammation [36][37][38][39] , which may lead to significantly reduced vascular nitric oxide levels and increased levels of endothelin-1 and inflammatory mediators, such as granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor. The unregulated levels of these mediators would destruct the vascular vasodilation and constriction 40,41 , thereby promoting vascular dysfunction. It was suggested the water-soluble factions in particulate matter such as the transition metals with redox potential can also accelerate the process in membrane lipid peroxidation, which trigger endothelial cell mutations 42 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor incense burning impacts cognitive functions and brain functional connectivity in community older adults

Wong

Lou

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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To investigate (1) the effects of indoor incense burning upon cognition over 3 years; (2) the associations between indoor incense burning with the brain's structure and functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN); and (3) the interactions between indoor incense burning and vascular disease markers upon cognitive functions. Community older adults without stroke or dementia were recruited (n = 515). Indoor incense use was self-reported as having burnt incense at home ≥ weekly basis over the past 5 years. Detailed neuropsychological battery was administered at baseline (n = 227) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment at baseline and year 3 (n = 515). MRI structural measures and functional connectivity of the DMN were recorded at baseline. Demographic and vascular risk factors and levels of outdoor pollutants were treated as covariates. Indoor incense burning was associated with reduced performance across multiple cognitive domains at baseline and year 3 as well as decreased connectivity in the DMN. It interacted with diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and white matter hyperintensities to predict poorer cognitive performance. Indoor incense burning is (1) associated with poorer cognitive performance over 3 years; (2) related to decreased brain connectivity; and (3) it interacts with vascular disease to predispose poor cognitive performance. Incense burning is a religious ritual commonly practised in many cultures and is popular among older adults. Incense comes in many forms, with 'joss sticks' being the commonest choice for home use (Fig. 1). Incense is made up of a mixture of fragrance materials and herbal, wood and adhesive powder 1. When incense is burnt, pollutants including particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), volatile organic compounds, aldehydes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are released into the air 1,2. Incense burning is considered a major source of indoor air pollution; the amount of PM generated by incense can be up to 4.5 times of that by cigarettes 2. Incense smoke is associated with carcinogenicity, increased cardiovascular mortality and respiratory conditions 1,3-5. Although there is currently a lack of published data showing a direct link between incense burning with cognitive and brain health, air pollution research suggests that pollutants emitted from incense smoke are associated with accelerated cognitive aging, intellectual decline and an increased risk for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and vascular dementia 6-11. Moreover, long term exposure to air pollution is associated with smaller total brain volume and volume in prefrontal cortex, white matter and associations areas in frontal, temporal regions and corpus callosum. It is also related to the development of

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor incense burning impacts cognitive functions and brain functional connectivity in community older adults

Wong

Lou

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In the endothelium, HSP90 is part of a complex with endothelial nitric oxide synthase ((eNOS)/HSP90) [22–24]. The dissociation of HSP90 causes uncoupling of eNOS, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endothelial dysfunction [23]. This process might be initiated by pro-inflammatory lipids [23, 24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dissociation of HSP90 causes uncoupling of eNOS, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endothelial dysfunction [23]. This process might be initiated by pro-inflammatory lipids [23, 24]. Interestingly, uncoupling of NOS and the increased level of oxidative stress have also been reported in calcified stenotic aortic valves [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat shock protein 90 is downregulated in calcific aortic valve disease

Weisell

Ohukainen

Näpänkangas

et al. 2019

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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BackgroundCalcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is an atheroinflammatory process; finally it leads to progressive calcification of the valve. There is no effective pharmacological treatment for CAVD and many of the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. We conducted a proteomic study to reveal novel factors associated with CAVD.MethodsWe compared aortic valves from patients undergoing valvular replacement surgery due to non-calcified aortic insufficiency (control group, n = 5) to a stenotic group (n = 7) using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Protein spots were identified with mass spectrometry. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to validate the results in a separate patient cohort and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was exploited to predict the regulatory network of CAVD.ResultsWe detected an upregulation of complement 9 (C9), serum amyloid P-component (APCS) and transgelin as well as downregulation of heat shock protein (HSP90), protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3), annexin A2 (ANXA2) and galectin-1 in patients with aortic valve stenosis. The decreased protein expression of HSP90 was confirmed with Western blot.ConclusionsWe describe here a novel data set of proteomic changes associated with CAVD, including downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytosolic protein, HSP90.

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“…On the other hand, COPs are known to trigger oxidative stress by increasing the generation of superoxide anion [ 51 , 52 ], and down-regulating the expression/activation of Nrf2 [ 53 ] Consistent with these results, many studies have reported increased COPs levels in the membranes of cells subjected to oxidative stress, as it has been detected in patients with diabetes mellitus [ 54 ], hiperlipidemia [ 28 ], chronic inflammatory processes and chronic renal failure [ 55 ]. In this regard, the oxysterol clearance mechanisms are probably less efficient in those situations [ 44 ], as it was observed in orchidectomized rats in wich the antioxidant activity was decreased [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary docosahexaenoic acid supplementation prevents the formation of cholesterol oxidation products in arteries from orchidectomized rats

et al. 2017

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Testosterone deficiency has been correlated with increased cardiovascular diseases, which in turn has been associated with increased oxidative stress. Several studies have considered cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) as oxidative stress biomarkers, since some of them play pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory roles. We have previously described the cardioprotective effects of a dosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplemented diet on the aortic and mesenteric artery function of orchidectomized rats. The aim of this study was to investigate whether impaired gonadal function alters the formation of COPs, as well as the potential preventive role of a DHA-supplemented diet on that effect. For this purpose, aortic and mesenteric artery segments obtained from control and orchidectomized rats, fed with a standard or supplemented with DHA, were used. The content of the following COPs: 7α-hydroxycholesterol, 7β-hydroxycholesterol, 7-ketocholesterol, 5,6α-epoxycholesterol, 5,6β-epoxycholesterol, cholestanetriol and 25-hydroxycholesterol, were analyzed by gas chromatography. The results showed that orchidectomy increased the formation of COPs in arteries from orchidectomized rats, which may participate in the orchidectomy-induced structural and functional vascular alterations already reported. The fact that the DHA-supplemented diet prevented the orchidectomy-induced COPs increase confirms the cardiovascular protective actions of DHA, which could be of special relevance in mesenteric arterial bed, since it importantly controls the systemic vascular resistance.

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25-Hydroxycholesterol impairs endothelial function and vasodilation by uncoupling and inhibiting endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Cited by 41 publications

References 53 publications

Indoor incense burning impacts cognitive functions and brain functional connectivity in community older adults

Indoor incense burning impacts cognitive functions and brain functional connectivity in community older adults

Heat shock protein 90 is downregulated in calcific aortic valve disease

Dietary docosahexaenoic acid supplementation prevents the formation of cholesterol oxidation products in arteries from orchidectomized rats

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