279 Altered Gut Microbiota in Toll-Like Receptor-5 (TLR5) Deficient Mice Results in Metabolic Syndrome

Vijay‐Kumar, Matam; Aitken, Jesse D.; Carvalho, Frédéric A.; Cullender, Tyler C.; Mwangi, Simon M.; Srinivasan, Shanthi; Sitaraman, Shanthi V.; Knight, Rob; Ley, Ruth E.; Gewirtz, Andrew T.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(10)60237-5

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Gut microbiotas can contribute to excess host adiposity (14)(15)(16), protect against the development of type 1 diabetes (17), and induce colitis (18) and metabolic syndrome (19). Thus, the microbiota has been suggested as a target for therapeutic intervention for several chronic diseases (13,(20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Succession of microbial consortia in the developing infant gut microbiome

Koenig

Spor

Scalfone

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The colonization process of the infant gut microbiome has been called chaotic, but this view could reflect insufficient documentation of the factors affecting the microbiome. We performed a 2.5-y case study of the assembly of the human infant gut microbiome, to relate life events to microbiome composition and function. Sixty fecal samples were collected from a healthy infant along with a diary of diet and health status. Analysis of >300,000 16S rRNA genes indicated that the phylogenetic diversity of the microbiome increased gradually over time and that changes in community composition conformed to a smooth temporal gradient. In contrast, major taxonomic groups showed abrupt shifts in abundance corresponding to changes in diet or health. Community assembly was nonrandom: we observed discrete steps of bacterial succession punctuated by life events. Furthermore, analysis of ≈500,000 DNA metagenomic reads from 12 fecal samples revealed that the earliest microbiome was enriched in genes facilitating lactate utilization, and that functional genes involved in plant polysaccharide metabolism were present before the introduction of solid food, priming the infant gut for an adult diet. However, ingestion of table foods caused a sustained increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes, elevated fecal short chain fatty acid levels, enrichment of genes associated with carbohydrate utilization, vitamin biosynthesis, and xenobiotic degradation, and a more stable community composition, all of which are characteristic of the adult microbiome. This study revealed that seemingly chaotic shifts in the microbiome are associated with life events; however, additional experiments ought to be conducted to assess how different infants respond to similar life events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Succession of microbial consortia in the developing infant gut microbiome

Koenig

Spor

Scalfone

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

2,193

146

1,904

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“…The total number of gut bacteria and/or the relative number of different species of bacteria have been found to be affected by different types of dietary interventions. These interventions also affect total and LDL cholesterol levels, fasting glucose, and insulin levels [26]. This fact also implies a possible complex role for gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These mice develop features of metabolic syndrome (dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, increased total fat) and exhibit changes in intestinal microbiota. After transferring the microbiota from TLR5 deficient mice to wild type germ-free mice, the latter exhibited some features of metabolic syndrome [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Aspects on the Metabolic role of Intestinal Microbiota in the Development of Atherosclerosis

2015

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“…Neonates subjected to antibiotic therapy reportedly exhibit altered gut microbiome composition during the first weeks of life 5 , but the clinical or microbiological long-term consequences of this exposure remain unknown. Given the causal links between the intestinal microbiome and growth, obesity, and metabolic disease 6,7 , together with data from epidemiological 8,9 and experimental 10,11 studies, it has been suggested that neonatal antibiotic exposure might have an impact on growth in early life 12 . Recently, antibiotic therapy in the first week of life was reported to be associated with decreased growth during the first year of life 13 , but longer-term outcomes remain unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neonatal antibiotic exposure impairs child growth during the first six years of life by perturbing intestinal microbial colonization

et al. 2021

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Exposure to antibiotics in the first days of life is thought to affect various physiological aspects of neonatal development. Here, we investigate the long-term impact of antibiotic treatment in the neonatal period and early childhood on child growth in an unselected birth cohort of 12,422 children born at full term. We find significant attenuation of weight and height gain during the first 6 years of life after neonatal antibiotic exposure in boys, but not in girls, after adjusting for potential confounders. In contrast, antibiotic use after the neonatal period but during the first 6 years of life is associated with significantly higher body mass index throughout the study period in both boys and girls. Neonatal antibiotic exposure is associated with significant differences in the gut microbiome, particularly in decreased abundance and diversity of fecal Bifidobacteria until 2 years of age. Finally, we demonstrate that fecal microbiota transplant from antibiotic-exposed children to germ-free male, but not female, mice results in significant growth impairment. Thus, we conclude that neonatal antibiotic exposure is associated with a long-term gut microbiome perturbation and may result in reduced growth in boys during the first six years of life while antibiotic use later in childhood is associated with increased body mass index.

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279 Altered Gut Microbiota in Toll-Like Receptor-5 (TLR5) Deficient Mice Results in Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Succession of microbial consortia in the developing infant gut microbiome

Succession of microbial consortia in the developing infant gut microbiome

New Aspects on the Metabolic role of Intestinal Microbiota in the Development of Atherosclerosis

Neonatal antibiotic exposure impairs child growth during the first six years of life by perturbing intestinal microbial colonization

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