28 GHz Indoor and Outdoor Propagation Measurements and Analysis at a Regional Airport

Du, Kairui; Özdemir, Özgür; Erden, Fatih; Güvenç, İsmail

doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569260

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Table 1 provides an overview of a subset of prior efforts. As seen in the table, mmWave measurement studies typically require the use of specialized channel sounders and may be further categorized based on the type: OtO [9, 10, 13-15, 17-23, 25], ItI [8-12, 16, 17, 20, 24, 25], and OtI [10][11][12][26][27][28], as well as the frequency range and urban or suburban environment. Datasets that include outcomes of some of these studies are available in [25] and a review of several efforts at 60 GHz for a specific type of sounder is available in [20].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OtO measurements have focused on a variety of environments, including urban [10,15], suburban [10,14], and rural [31] mmWave deployment scenarios. Conversely, ItI measurements have primarily focused on office buildings [8,11,12,24].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous OtI measurements include those at a regional airport [10] and measurements of office space using a receiver (Rx) mounted on a robot and a stationary transmitter (Tx) [11]. Other forms of Tx/Rx mounting have been used, such as a Tx mounted on a van with indoors Rx [26].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, while outdoor-to-outdoor (OtO) and indoor-to-indoor (ItI) propagation scenarios have been extensively measured [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], existing OtI datasets are relatively small in size [10][11][12][26][27][28]. In this paper we present the results of an extensive OtI mmWave measurement campaign that we conducted in a dense urban environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outdoor-to-Indoor 28 GHz Wireless Measurements in Manhattan: Path Loss, Environmental Effects, and 90% Coverage

Kohli¹,

Adhikari²,

Avci³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Outdoor-to-indoor (OtI) signal propagation further challenges the already tight link budgets at millimeter-wave (mmWave). To gain insight into OtI mmWave scenarios at 28 GHz, we conducted an extensive measurement campaign consisting of over 2,200 link measurements. In total, 43 OtI scenarios were measured in West Harlem, New York City, covering seven highly diverse buildings. The measured OtI path gain can vary by up to 40 dB for a given link distance, and the empirical path gain model for all data shows an average of 30 dB excess loss over free space at distances beyond 50 m, with an RMS fitting error of 11.7 dB. The type of glass is found to be the single dominant feature for OtI loss, with 20 dB observed difference between empirical path gain models for scenarios with low-loss and high-loss glass. The presence of scaffolding, tree foliage, or elevated subway tracks, as well as difference in floor height are each found to have an impact between 5-10 dB. We show that for urban buildings with high-loss glass, OtI coverage can support 500 Mbps for 90% of indoor user equipment (UEs) with a base station (BS) antenna placed up to 49 m away. For buildings with low-loss glass, such as our case study covering multiple classrooms of a public school, data rates over 2.5/1.2 Gbps are possible from a BS 68/175 m away from the school building, when a line-of-sight path is available. We expect these results to be useful for the deployment of mmWave networks in dense urban environments as well as the development of relevant scheduling and beam management algorithms.

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