2D Black Phosphorus–Based Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Black phosphorus (BP) has increasingly attracted scientific attention since its first applications in biomedicine due to its unique properties and excellent biocompatibility. In particular, its layer-dependent bandgap, moderate carrier mobility, large surface-area-to-volume ratio, biodegradability, intrinsic photoacoustic properties, and biocompatibility make it an ideal candidate for use in photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, drug delivery, 3D printing, bioimaging, biosensing, and theranostics, which are reviewed here. In addition, the article discusses strategies to overcome challenges related to surface instability due to chemical degradation, a major obstacle for its application. This review not only provides a comprehensive summary on BP preparation and biomedical applications but also summarizes recent research and future possibilities.

Multifunctional black phosphorus/MoS2 van der Waals heterojunction

“…Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), black phosphorus (BP), and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), offer a unique opportunity for building heterojunction devices due to the absence of dangling bonds on the surface and the weak van der Waals (vdW) interactions between individual layers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Although the lack of dangling bonds on the 2D material surface can lead to unexpected interface issues in specific structures such as TMDC/dielectric, functional devices can be achieved based on 2D material heterojunctions without the restraint of lattice mismatch and the need for a complex fabrication process [8].…”

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

“…It is believed that the development of 2D layered materials in the field of photonics will continue to deepen, thus laying a good foundation for its practical application.scientists around the world have found a large number of physical phenomenon of graphene and designed related devices, thus making it a good link in different fields. [5][6][7][8][9] More importantly, stimulated by the success of graphene, other layered materials such as topological insulators, [10][11][12] transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), [13][14][15][16][17][18] black phosphorus, [19][20][21][22][23] MXenes, [24] graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ), [25][26][27] and metalorganic frameworks (MOFs), [28][29][30] as shown in Figure 1, have also been discovered and developed rapidly, thus enriching the family of 2D layered materials.Nonlinear photonics is one of the most brilliant fields in the application of layered materials. [31][32][33][34][35] This is because, physically speaking, most layered materials have excellent nonlinear optical properties; in terms of practical demand, finding suitable optical materials has always been an eternal theme in the field of nonlinear photonics.…”

Optimization of cellobiohydrolase production and secretome analysis of Trametes villosa LBM 033 suitable for lignocellulosic bioconversion

“…To characterize the secreted proteins under the optimized culture conditions for CBH activity, the secretome of T. villosa LBM 033 was analysed by LS MS/MS, referring to the T. versicolor genome (Floudas et al, 2012). Other novel techniques on detecting biomolecules using nanomaterials were cited by Fan, Zhou, Qiu, and Zhang (2018), Luo, Fan, Zhou, Zhang, and Mei (2019) and Xue et al (2019).…”