Two‐dimensional titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx, where Tx indicates the surface termination) MXene nanosheets were synthesized by etching the Ti3AlC2 MAX phase using two kinds of etchants: potassium hydroxide (KOH) base and hydrofluoric (HF) acid. This study aimed to reduce the environmental side‐effects caused by the etchant in fabricating MXene nanosheets to extract strontium ions (Sr2+) from nuclear wastewater. Ti3C2Tx MXene synthesized using alkaline KOH etchant showed a 99% Sr2+ removal rate, which is much higher than that synthesized using the conventional HF etchant (82%). The enhanced Sr2+ removal rate associated with KOH etching was explained by unique surface termination, which offers more active adsorption sites for Sr2+ by the partial hydrolysis of Ti–C bonds on the surface of MXene nanosheets.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.