2D Materials for Wearable Energy Harvesting

Abstract

theoretical investigation into the effect of surface tension component ratios between the polar and dispersion components of applied solvents and 2D materials (Figure 3b). [523] The results indicated that a solvent suited for certain 2D materials LPE should have surface tension component ratios similar to the 2D materials. [523] However, direct exfoliation using sonication and Figure 3. Top-down approaches in 2D materials preparation. a) Schematically illustration of ultrasonic-assisted exfoliation. Reproduced with permission. [524] Copyright 2013, American Association for the Advancement of Science. b) Top and middle rows: dispersibility of graphene and MoS 2 as a function of total surface tension and polar to dispersive ratio. Bottom row showing the thickness histogram of graphene and MoS 2 exfoliated using solvents with the optimal surface tension and polar to dispersive component ratio. Reproduced with permission. [523] Copyright 2015, American Chemical Society. c) Detailed schematic of cathodic exfoliation (top) and anodic exfoliation (bottom) of graphene from graphite. Reproduced with permission. [1184] Copyright 2015, Elsevier. d) DFT calculation results of ion-intercalation exfoliation of graphite into graphene using SO 4 2− ion (bottom left), Li ion (top right) and K ion (bottom right). Reproduced under terms of the CC-BY license. [565] Copyright 2017, The Authors, published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. e) Left: SEM image (top) and AFM image (bottom) of a typical graphene obtained by ion-intercalated exfoliation. Right: Lateral size (top) and thickness (bottom) distribution of graphene through ion-intercalation exfoliation. Reproduced with permission.

Roadmap on energy harvesting materials

“…The direct mechanical-to-electrical transduction of both static and dynamic signals makes these materials promising for application in piezoelectric nanogenerators with ultrathin form factors [145]. The reported power output for piezoelectric nanogenerators based on two-dimensional materials is in the range of mW m −2 (figure 27d) [146]. While there are many of recent papers that provide in-depth analyses of developments in related fields, our goal here is to give a more concise discussion focused on our perspectives on the potential and challenges in these areas.…”

“…2, 52074 Aachen, Germany Status Two-dimensional materials, such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), are considered for semiconductor technology applications due to their extraordinary electrical, optical, thermal and mechanical properties [507]. Specifically for the application in energy harvesting there are different approaches such as photovoltaic cells, thermoelectric energy harvesting, piezoelectric energy harvesting, rectifying antenna (rectenna-)based radiofrequency energy harvesting [146]. Here, we will focus on the rectenna-based approach, since the rest have been discussed in detail in [146].…”

“…Specifically for the application in energy harvesting there are different approaches such as photovoltaic cells, thermoelectric energy harvesting, piezoelectric energy harvesting, rectifying antenna (rectenna-)based radiofrequency energy harvesting [146]. Here, we will focus on the rectenna-based approach, since the rest have been discussed in detail in [146].…”

Energy transfer and charge transfer between semiconducting nanocrystals and transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers

“…168,169 For example, their exceptional electrical properties and high surface area make them a suitable candidate for advancements in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, where ferroelectric 2D materials offer an attractive alternative to conventional energy storage systems. 170,171 Moreover, ferroelectric 2D materials hold significant potential for improving the performance of non-volatile memory devices, which can retain stored data even when the power is turned off. When combined with NPs with shape anisotropy the polarization dependent excitation might induce particular interaction with the ferroelectric material.…”

2D Materials‐Based Electrochemical Triboelectric Nanogenerators

“…A comprehensive summary of the developments made in 2Dmaterial-based TENGs was reported in recent reviews. [28][29][30]36,37] A record power output (500 W m −2 ) was obtained for TENGs based on ferroelectric polymer composites embedding MoS 2 , however, such a high value was reached after electrical pooling of the polymeric film. [38] High triboelectric performances are also achieved with TENGs integrating M-Xenes, either used as triboelectric material (400 mWm −2 ) [30] or integrated into polymerbased fiber composites (330 mWm −2 ).…”