2D Numerical Model of Sediment Transport Under Dam-break Flow Using Finite Element

Abstract

The potential hazard of dam construction is the possibility of dam failure. Dam failure will cause damage to property and the environment, as well as loss of human life. In addition, the dam-break flow also causes erosion and sediment transport which can affect the morphology of rivers around the dam. Dam-break flow analysis is needed to minimize the potential hazards of dam construction. Dam-break flow analysis can be done by performing numerical modeling. This study develops a numerical model using the Taylor Galerkin method. The Taylor Galerkin model is used in simulating the dam-break flow along with the sediment transport that occurs. Mathematically, this flow is generally expressed by the shallow water-Exner equations. The shallow water equations describe the movement of water, and the Exner equation describes the movement of sediment. The model will use the Galerkin method for spatial derivatives and the Taylor series approach for time derivatives in this study. A numerical filter by Hansen was also added to the model to overcome the instability of the model due to numerical oscillations. To determine the performance of the Taylor Galerkin model, simulation results were compared with experimental data and other numerical results from previous studies. The Taylor Galerkin model can simulate the dam-break flow with sediment movement over a movable bed well based on this study. Studies like this are needed to reduce the high risk of dam failure.

Economic Loss due to the Failure of a Cascade Dam: A Study Case in the Saguling-Cirata-Jatiluhur Dam

“…Numerical modeling is an effective way to analyze and predict the dam break [9]. Physical modeling through laboratory experiments may provide more detailed results of the phenomenon.…”