2D Perovskite Mn²⁺‐Doped Cs₂CdBr₂Cl₂ Scintillator for Low‐Dose High‐Resolution X‐ray Imaging

Abstract

High‐performance X‐ray scintillators with low detection limits and high light yield are of great importance and are a challenge for low‐dose X‐ray imaging in medical diagnosis and industrial detection. In this work, the synthesis of a new 2D perovskite, Cs2CdBr2Cl2, via hydrothermal reaction is reported. By doping Mn2+ into the perovskite, a yellow emission located at 593 nm is obtained, and the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of Cs2CdBr2Cl2:5%Mn2+ perovskite reaches the highest value of 98.52%. The near‐unity PLQY and negligible self‐absorption of Cs2CdBr2Cl2:5%Mn2+ enable excellent X‐ray scintillation performance with a high light yield of 64 950 photons MeV−1 and low detection limit of 17.82 nGyair s−1. Moreover, combining Cs2CdBr2Cl2:5%Mn2+ with poly(dimethylsiloxane) to fabricate a flexible scintillator screen achieves low‐dose X‐ray imaging with a high resolution of 12.3 line pairs (lp) mm−1. The results suggest that Cs2CdBr2Cl2:5%Mn2+ is a promising candidate for low‐dose and high‐resolution X‐ray imaging. The study presents a new approach to designing high‐performance scintillators through metal‐ion doping.

The unique luminescent properties and enhanced thermal stability of a novel all-inorganic perovskite CsCaCl3:Mn2+ for solid-state lighting applications

“…3–5 However, there is a crucial need to explore new materials that are non-toxic and abundant, considering the environmental and health concerns associated with the commonly used toxic lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) containing materials. 6–20 This has motivated researchers to investigate alternative materials that offer both efficient luminescence and reduced toxicity.…”

Enhancing Luminescence in Hue-Tunable White-Light Emitting K4CdCl6:Sb3+,Mn2+ All-Inorganic Halide Perovskites: Insights from Defect Engineering and Energy Transfer

“…Many derivatives of Cd-based AIHPs have been developed host lattices for various luminescent materials through the substituting the Cd 2+ with different dopants, such as Sb 3+ , Sn 2+ , and Mn 2+ (Table S1). − ,− The Sb 3+ and Mn 2+ -codoped 2D AIHPs Cs 3 Cd 2 Cl 7 :Sb 3+ ,Mn 2+ have ultralong afterglow emission at 579 nm. The Sb 3+ /Mn 2+ doped the hexagonal CsCdCl 3 AIHPs lead to red/orange afterglow emission with the longest duration after removal of the UV excitation, which is expected for application in biological imaging, photodynamic therapy, and optical anticounterfeiting. ,, The Cs 2 CdCl 4 :Sb 3+ nanoplatelets exhibit cyan emission with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 20%, highlighting the potential of colloidal chemistry methods to study the full diversity of Ruddlesden–Popper phases .…”

“…Divalent manganese ions Mn 2+ have been recognized as one of the most effective activators in various inorganic crystals to produce broadband emission due to the 4 T 1 → 6 A 1 transition of Mn 2+ in the visible region, which is strongly dependent on the crystal-field strength around Mn 2+ ions. ,− However, to achieve white light emission, codoping with additional ions is necessary. Nevertheless, understanding the energy transfer mechanism underlying the interaction between different photoluminescent centers is crucial for enhancing the photoluminescence efficiency and minimizing quenching effects.…”

C(NH2)3MoO3(IO3): A Molybdenyl Iodate with Giant Birefringence Designed via a Cation–Anion Synergetic Interaction Strategy

“…Key attributes, including birefringence, ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, and second-order nonlinear optics, are frequently leveraged in applications, such as frequency conversion in solid-state laser devices, photolithography, and various military technologies. Thus, solid-state materials have attracted substantial interest over the past few decades. − Numerous birefringent crystals, including MgF 2 , CaCO 3 , TiO 2 , and α-BaB 2 O 4, have been synthesized through extensive research. Nevertheless, these crystals present limitations that preclude their widespread applications, particularly MgF 2 , due to their relatively low birefringence.…”