2D Ti3C2Tx (MXene)-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers with enhanced mechanical and electrical properties

Abstract

Novel 2D Ti3C2Tx (MXene)-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers have been successfully fabricated by an electrospinning technique. The high aspect ratio, hydrophilic surfaces, and metallic conductivity of delaminated MXene nanosheet render it promising nanofiller for high performance nanocomposites. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were used to improve the mechanical properties of the nanofibers. The obtained electrospun nanofibers had diameter from 174 to 194 nm depending on ratio between PVA, CNC and MXene. Dynamic mechanical analysis demonstrated an increase in the elastic modulus from 392 MPa for neat PVA fibers to 855 MPa for fibers containing CNC and MXene at 25°C. Moreover, PVA nanofibers containing 0.14 wt. % Ti3C2Tx exhibited dc conductivity of 0.8 mS/cm conductivity which is superior compared to similar composites prepared using methods other than electrospinning. Improved mechanical and electrical characteristics of the Ti3C2Tx /CNC/PVA composites make them viable materials for high performance energy applications.

Visible Light Photocatalytic Functional TiO2/PVDF Nanofibers for Dye Pollutant Degradation

“…It can be seen from Figure a that there is no visible TiO 2 aggregation inside of PVDF nanofibers and no significant differences in roughness between transversal and longitudinal directions. Besides that, the structure of PVDF/TiO 2 nanofiber shown in Figure a is consistent with the previous reports …”

MXene‐Based Composites: Synthesis and Applications in Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors

“…[204] Moreover, the PPy and Ti 3 C 2 T x layers are in an alternately aligned arrangement. So far, a high number of MXene/polymer composites have been synthesized by solution mixing, such as the T 3 C 2 T x /poly(ethylene oxide), [205,206] T 3 C 2 T x /polyacrylonitrile, [207] T 3 C 2 T x /polyethylene, [208,209] T 3 C 2 T x / poly(vinylidene fluoride), [210] T 3 C 2 T x /polybenzimidazole, [200] T 3 C 2 T x /poly(vinylalcohol), [206,211] etc. [73] In the UV radiation-induced polymerization process (Figure 7e), a mixed sample of MXene power and monomer is stirred under UV light to polymerize the monomer on the surface of MXene.…”

Titanium carbide MXene: Synthesis, electrical and optical properties and their applications in sensors and energy storage devices

“…14 In addition, study has indicated that MXenes can be combined with polymers such as PVA and PDDA to create stronger films, which can then be used as electrodes for supercapacitors. 3,4 Another study has taken an approach by sputtering the MAX phase onto a substrate and then exfoliating the Alayer using HF and NH 4 HF 2 to investigate the transmittance of the material in hopes of furthering electronic, photonic, and sensing applications. 15 Table 1 shows the data obtained from these experiments.…”

“…Specifically, O-terminated MXenes can be used as ammonia (NH 3 ) sensors. 17 A computational study based on O-terminated MXene nanosheet revealed that MXenes with this type of surface functional group are able to selectively and accurately detect NH 3 . The experiments conducted by Lee et al further confirmed that Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes can be used to detect common volatile organic chemicals such as acetone, ethanol, methanol, and ammonia.…”

“…Like other 2-D nanostructured materials, such as graphene, metal oxides, and boron nitride (BN), MXenes have a similar structure and electrical properties that could be an alternative to other 2-D materials in many cases and show promising properties for applications in gas sensing, energy storage devices, wearable electronics, and other high-performance energy applications. [2][3][4][5][6][7] This review will focus on one of the more popular MXene materials discovered to date; titanium carbide MXenes, Ti nþ1 C n . They exhibit an unusual and unique property of metal-like conduction of heat and electricity and have mechanical properties of ceramics, such as being strong and brittle.…”