“…In contrast to the simplicity of the molecular constitution of (III) above, in most other structures containing both pyrazole and thiophene units, at least one of the rings is fused. In 3,6dimethyl-1-phenyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl)-8-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b][1,6]naphthyridine (IV) (Peng et al, 2009), the molecules are linked into C(11) chains by means of C-HÁ Á ÁN hydrogen bonds. The molecules of 2- (Ahmad et al, 2010) are linked by a combination of N-HÁ Á ÁO and C-HÁ Á ÁN hydrogen bonds: although the resulting aggregation was described as consisting of dimers, the molecules are, in fact, linked into chains of rings, as clearly illustrated in the original report.…”