3-D Millimeter Wave Fast Imaging Technique Based on 2-D SISO/MIMO Array

Abstract

In this article, a novel three-dimensional (3-D) imaging method based on the range decomposing algorithm (RDA) is proposed for millimeter wave imaging. We combined it with binomial theory and we derive the theoretical formulation of RDA applied to single-input–single-output (SISO)/multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) array; meanwhile, its computational complexity and computational error are analyzed. Compared to the classical Fourier algorithm, such as the range migration algorithm (RMA) and the phase shift migration (PSM), the proposed algorithm can replace the time-consuming interpolation and accumulation operations with reasonable approximations and transformations offering a more efficient approach, while maintaining the image quality. In addition, a method based on RDA which is applicable to the transformation between MIMO and SISO, is proposed to further enhance the processing efficiency. Proof-of-principle simulation using echo data collected from a large number of antennas, verifies that the proposed algorithm has higher efficiency. In order to better verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm, a scanning prototype located in the millimeter wave band is designed. The experimental results of different targets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves significantly higher reconstruction efficiency when compared to the traditional algorithms.