3-D second-order plastic-hinge analysis accounting for local buckling

An overview of the plastic-hinge analysis of 3D steel frames

“…Orbison's yield surface is very suitable to the elastic-plastic analysis by step-by-step method for 3-D steel frames, it has been widely applied (see Orbison [67], Liew [51,52], Kim [42][43][44][45], Chiorean [11], among others). On the other hand, the polyhedrons [e.g.…”

“…(14)) needs to be modified. This procedure has been detailed in many works (e.g., Liew [49], Chen [8], and Kim [42][43][44][45]). …”

“…With a similar idea for including the lateral-torsional buckling, a process to consider the local buckling effect was also proposed in Kim [45], where the plastic strength of the section in the yield surfaces involves the local buckling phenomenon.…”

“…have been not yet introduced in the optimization options, so a stability check according to Eurocode 3 has been adopted to check for individual members c The practical method proposed in Kim [45] have been adopted in the program…”

Shear deformation effect in second-order analysis of frames subjected to variable axial loading

“…Since the modifications used in this method are only applied to the moments of the columns and not of the beams, the results obtained from this method are often unsatisfactory especially for cases involving moderate to large deformations [2]. Consequently, due to the demand of more rigorous and accurate second-order analysis of structural components several research papers have been published including a nonlinear incremental stiffness method [5], closed-form stiffness methods [6,7], the analysis of non-linear effects by treating every element as a "beam-column" one [8], a design method for space frames using stability functions to capture secondorder effects associated with P-δ and P-effects [9], uniform formulae restricted to a single bar of a skeletal structure and to only a few loadings [10], the finite element method using cubic and linear shape functions [11] and a 3-D second-order plastic-hinge analysis accounting for material and geometric non-linearities [12,13]. In all these studies shear deformation effect is ignored.…”