3‐D Structure and Development of a Metamorphic Core Complex in the Northern South China Sea Rifted Margin

Ye, Qing; 梅, 廉夫; Da-peng, Jiang; Xu, Xiwei; Delogkos, Efstratios; Zhang, Lili; Camanni, Giovanni

doi:10.1029/2021jb022595

Cited by 14 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…These corrugations are strongly reminiscent of those identified as striations on exposed detachment surfaces at MORs (e.g. Escartin et al, 2017;Haughton et al, 2019) and rifted margins (Deng et al, 2020;Lymer et al, 2019;Ye et al, 2022) and we interpret the corrugations as indicating the detachment displacement direction.…”

Section: Texture Of the 3d Detachment Surfacesupporting

confidence: 65%

“…But in agreement with observations (Lymer et al, 2019) and numerical modelling (Neuharth et al, 2022) at the Galicia margin and at the P detachment, we suggest that low-angle faults locked-up when they moved further away from the locus of extension, such as illustrated in our model (Figure 6c,d). In the standard rolling hinge model, and most the whole detachment structure is monly as a single back-rotated slip sur- (Buck, 1988;Choi et al, 2013;Deng et al, 2020;Escartin et al, 2017;Mizera et al, 2019;Olive et al, 2019;Reston, 2018;Webber et al, 2020;Ye et al, 2022). Here, we conclude that the surface of P, while continuous, is faceted and was assembled from multiple, smaller-scale, slip surfaces that are bounded by cuspate ridges related to footwall cutoffs (Figure 6).…”

Section: Wider Implications For Detachment Developmentmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…In the standard rolling hinge model, and for most detachments, the whole detachment structure is commonly considered as a single back‐rotated slip surface (Buck, 1988; Choi et al, 2013; Deng et al, 2020; Escartin et al, 2017; Mizera et al, 2019; Olive et al, 2019; Reston, 2018; Webber et al, 2020; Ye et al, 2022). Here, we conclude that the surface of P, while continuous, is faceted and was assembled from multiple, smaller‐scale, slip surfaces that are bounded by cuspate ridges related to footwall cutoffs (Figure 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low‐angle corrugated extensional detachments are commonly believed to represent the inactive part of a steep fault that has undergone extreme flexural back‐rotation; the inactive shallow fault maintaining continuity with the active steep fault (Buck, 1988; Choi et al, 2013; Deng et al, 2020; Escartin et al, 2017; Mizera et al, 2019; Olive et al, 2019; Reston, 2018; Smith et al, 2014; Webber et al, 2020; Ye et al, 2022). Despite the general acceptance of this model, the linkage between steep and shallow parts of detachments has never been directly observed and the back rotation of detachment faults from high to low angles has been inferred from indirect observations, including: palaeomagnetic measures of extreme footwall rotation (MacLeod et al, 2009; Morris et al, 2009), seismic imaging of shallow detachments (Reston & Ranero, 2011), numerical simulations (Buck, 1988; Choi et al, 2013; Liu et al, 2022; Neuharth et al, 2022) and P‐wave velocity models associated with microseismicity monitoring at MOR detachments (deMartin et al, 2007; Parnell‐Turner et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Punctuated propagation of a corrugated extensional detachment offshore Ireland

2022

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Low‐angle detachments are fundamental crustal structures found in many extensional systems and plate tectonic boundaries, including onshore extensional basins, rifted margins and mid‐oceanic ridges. Direct observations of the complete geometry of extensional detachments are rare so that aspects of our understanding of their development and evolution rely mainly on proxy observations and numerical simulations. A high‐resolution 3D seismic reflection survey Offshore West of Ireland images a complete corrugated extensional detachment, from its steep oceanward breakaway faults to its back‐rotated domal crest. The detachment surface, the P reflector, developed during the Jurassic hyperextension of the Porcupine Basin and is preserved in its slip position. It covers 95 × 35 km area and has a N‐S elongate domal shape, at right angles to the prevailing extension direction, with a crest at ca. 6.3 s two‐way travel time. It is overlain by a syn‐rift sequence offset by steep frontal faults that pass eastward into shallower, predominantly west‐dipping highly listric faults that merge downwards with the detachment. The detachment has pronounced E‐W corrugations parallel to the basin opening direction, and N‐S lineaments that correspond with the footwall cutoff lines of overlying Jurassic faults. The most significant N‐S lineaments correspond with changes in dip of the detachment. We propose that the geometry of P can be explained by a conceptual model in which the detachment was assembled from initially steep faults that developed at the front of P and back‐rotated to form listric faults during extension, with punctuated oceanward propagation of the segments of the detachment. Comparisons with 2D profiles and 3D surfaces of published detachments suggest that our conceptual model may be applicable to other detachments that accommodate extreme extension at other rifted margins and at mid‐oceanic slow and ultra‐slow spreading ridges.

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Section: Texture Of the 3d Detachment Surfacesupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Wider Implications For Detachment Developmentmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Punctuated propagation of a corrugated extensional detachment offshore Ireland

2022

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“…Huismans & Beaumont, 2011). Further studies could consider other possible models (Clerc et al, 2018; Huismans & Beaumont, 2014; Ye et al, 2022).…”

Section: Strain Behaviour and Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nature of the Late Syn‐rift Sag Basin (LSSB)

Shen

Paton³

et al. 2022

Terra Nova

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The "steer's head" geometry and saucer-shaped architecture in rift basins are generally regarded as a direct consequence of thermal subsidence and post-rift evolution.However, these definitions can be problematic due to the widespread coexistence of synchronous wedge-shaped and saucer-shaped geometries in many rift basins and rifted margins globally. Although the Late Syn-rift Sag Basins (LSSBs) at rifted margins provide an alternative model for the discrepancy, their nature remains enigmatic.Using high-resolution 3D seismic data in the Hailar Rift, for the first time, our study deciphers the 3D architecture and strain behaviour of the LSSB. We identify four types of architectures which suggest that the strain behaviour within the LSSB is dominated by sagging, with varying degree of the mixing of faulting and sagging. The LSSB is considered to be the shallow response to the ductile deformation of lower crust, accompanied by the increase in heat flow.

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RETRACTED: Structural characteristics and development model of fluid diapirs within the structural transition zone, northern South China Sea

Qin,

Liu,

Peng

et al. 2024

Geological Journal

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Fluid diapirs are widespread in the northern South China Sea (SCS), are significant indicators of the existence and distribution of hydrocarbons and natural gas hydrates and are of great petroleum geological significance. Based on high‐precision 3D seismic and drilling data, this paper analyses the tectonic features and genetic mechanism of a fluid diapir zone in the northern SCS and a development model of fluid diapirs is proposed herein. Studies have revealed that the northern SCS large‐scale fluid diapir zone is located within a concealed structural transition zone, which is consistent with the spatial distribution location and direction of a concealed structural transition zone and that the formation of a fluid diapir zone is strongly influenced by the structural transition zone. Fluid diapirs are large continuously spreading bright reflection zones in shallow surface layers and are downwards converging high‐variance ribbons in middle and shallow layers, all of which are spreading in a NW–NNW orientation on the plane. The profile shows a conical or mushroom‐shaped shape that converges from shallow to deep, with a height of approximately 7 km and is characterized by a compound gas chimney fuzzy zone. The main body of the concealed structural transition zone is a slope structure and is flanked by large‐scale NW–NNW‐oriented fault systems. Minor en echelon spreading NW–NNW‐oriented faults and fractures are developed within the structural transition zone and are soft linkages that match well with the distribution direction and location of the fluid diapirs. On the profile, the overall display is a composite flower‐like structure dispersed from deep to shallow, which belongs to a large strike‐slip fault zone with a tectonic transformation effect. A comprehensive analysis suggests that the formation and development of the structural transition zone are mainly controlled by pre‐existing structures in the basement and that minor faults, fractures and slope zones within the structural transition zone serve as dominant pathways for the migration of deep overpressure fluids and gas hydrates. Consequently, the concealed structural transition zone provides favourable conditions for fluid diapirs to develop. Moreover, the stratigraphic overpressure systems mainly caused by gas generation provided the main driving force for the formation of fluid diapirs. Obviously, the development location, distribution direction, formation and evolution of the northern SCS fluid diapirs are jointly controlled by internal minor faults and fractures of the Eocene‐Miocene structural transition zone and the overpressure of the rifting period after the Pliocene. The main development period of the northern SCS large‐scale fluid diapirs was the second phase of the Dongsha Movement. During the exploration of gas hydrates and hydrocarbons in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, it is essential to consider the mutually restricting relationships between fluid diapir structures and gas hydrates and hydrocarbons.

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3‐D Structure and Development of a Metamorphic Core Complex in the Northern South China Sea Rifted Margin

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

Punctuated propagation of a corrugated extensional detachment offshore Ireland

Punctuated propagation of a corrugated extensional detachment offshore Ireland

The nature of the Late Syn‐rift Sag Basin (LSSB)

RETRACTED: Structural characteristics and development model of fluid diapirs within the structural transition zone, northern South China Sea

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