3 Experimental models of low birth weight – insight into the developmental programming of metabolic health, aging and immune function

Heppolette, Chantal A. A.; Palmer, Donald B.; Ozanne, Susan E.

doi:10.1515/9783110249453.11

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…During pregnancy, protein availability is a key determinant of fetal growth [13]. Amino acids regulate pancreatic β cell differentiation, replication and insulin secretion [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between the Macronutrient Content of Maternal Diet and the Adequacy of Micronutrients during Pregnancy in the Women and Their Children’s Health (WATCH) Study

et al. 2012

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Nutrition during pregnancy can induce alterations in offspring phenotype. Maternal ratio of protein to non-protein (P:NP) energy has been linked to variations in offspring body composition and adult risk of metabolic disease. This study describes the dietary patterns of pregnant women by tertiles of the P:NP ratio and compares diet to Australian recommendations. Data are from 179 Australian women enrolled in the Women and Their Children’s Health Study. Diet was assessed using a validated 74-item food frequency questionnaire. Food group servings and nutrient intakes were compared to the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating and Australian Nutrient Reference Values. Higher maternal P:NP tertile was positively associated with calcium (P = 0.003), zinc (P = 0.001) and servings of dairy (P = 0.001) and meat (P = 0.001) food groups, and inversely associated with the energy dense, nutrient poor non-core (P = 0.003) food group. Micronutrient intakes were optimized with intermediate protein (18%E–20%E), intermediate fat (28%E–30%E) and intermediate carbohydrate (50%E–54%E) intakes, as indicated in tertile two. Results suggest a moderate protein intake may support pregnant women to consume the largest variety of nutrients across all food groups.

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“…During pregnancy, protein availability is a key determinant of fetal growth [13]. Amino acids regulate pancreatic β cell differentiation, replication and insulin secretion [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between the Macronutrient Content of Maternal Diet and the Adequacy of Micronutrients during Pregnancy in the Women and Their Children’s Health (WATCH) Study

et al. 2012

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“…The result of such foetal compensation can be a vulnerability to disease in a range of physiological systems 20,21 . It is now emerging that foetal compensation also impairs immune function 22 resulting in increased risk of communicable disease. Indications are that poor foetal nutrition is associated with impaired development of the immune system 23 and decreased cell mediated immunity 24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Birthweight on Adult Minor Illness: A Study on a Sub-Clinical Population

Bellingham-Young¹,

Adamson‐Macedo²

2013

J. Hum. Growth Dev.

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Official classification for low birth weight is 2500 gram or below. Whilst there is no consensus of what constitutes normal birth weight, it has been suggested that the optimal birthweight for long term health is 3500-4500 gram; hence those with birth weight between 2500 and 3490 gram could be deemed to be a sub clinical population. The objective was to investigate the relationship between disease and birthweight and to compare vulnerability of those with suboptimal and optimal birthweight in adulthood. This is a cohort study; with cross sectional retrospective design involving 258 adults aged 18-62 who knew their birth weight. Participants completed a minor illness checklist, using a median split, participants were categorised as high or low minor illness group. Results indicate a negative correlation between birthweight and minor illness score (r =-.155, p = .013). Those born with sub optimal birthweight are more likely to report minor illness symptoms above the media score of 16 (OR 1.70 CI 95% 1.04-2.79).It is concluded that there is a relationship between birthweight and level of minor illness in adulthood. Those born with birthweight 2500-3490 gram appear to be more vulnerable to minor illness. Thus, working with Foetal Origins theory, it may be possible that this group experienced a degree of foetal compensation, the consequence being that the immune system is compromised. Application of a three dimensional equilibrium model is suggested in designing interventions that improve foetal environment and subsequent health chances.

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3 Experimental models of low birth weight – insight into the developmental programming of metabolic health, aging and immune function

Cited by 2 publications

References 90 publications

The Association between the Macronutrient Content of Maternal Diet and the Adequacy of Micronutrients during Pregnancy in the Women and Their Children’s Health (WATCH) Study

The Association between the Macronutrient Content of Maternal Diet and the Adequacy of Micronutrients during Pregnancy in the Women and Their Children’s Health (WATCH) Study

The Impact of Birthweight on Adult Minor Illness: A Study on a Sub-Clinical Population

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