3-monthly azithromycin administration for trachoma

Malhotra-Kumar, Surbhi; Coenen, Samuel; Klugman, Keith P.; Goossens, Herman

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61447-1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Others might consider side effects, costs, and the impact of antibiotic resistance to outweigh any benefit. 21 Several recent trachoma studies investigated childhood mortality as a secondary outcome (Partnership for Rapid Elimination of Trachoma [PRET] and Tripartite International Research for the Elimination of Trachoma [TIRET]) 22,23 ; however, these studies are neither designed nor adequately powered to detect anything but a very large treatment effect. The analyses presented here suggest the need for a large randomized controlled trial to definitively resolve the question of the effect of azithromycin on mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Mass Azithromycin Distribution on Childhood Mortality: Beliefs and Estimates of Efficacy

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O’Brien

Keenan

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract.A cluster-randomized trial demonstrated that mass oral azithromycin distribution reduced childhood mortality 49.6% (Trachoma Amelioration in Northern Amhara [TANA]). The relative risk of childhood mortality was then estimated using two approaches: an expert survey and a Bayesian analysis. The survey asked public health experts to estimate the true effect of mass azithromycin distribution on childhood mortality. The Bayesian estimation used the TANA study's results and prior estimates of the efficacy of other effective population-level interventions. The experts believed mass azithromycin reduces childhood mortality (relative risk = 0.83, 95% credible intervals [CrI] = 0.70-1.00). The Bayesian analysis estimated a relative risk of 0.71 (95% CrI = 0.39-0.93). Both estimates suggest that azithromycin may have a true mortality benefit, though of a smaller magnitude than found in the single available trial. Prior information about nonantibiotic, population-level interventions may have informed the expert's opinions. Additional trials are needed to confirm a mortality benefit from mass azithromycin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%