The ring‐opening abilities of amines toward 1,3,4‐oxadiazolines, 2‐phenyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazolin‐5‐one (1a) and 2‐phenyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoline‐5‐thione (1b), were investigated with relation to their basicities or pKb values. Oxadiazolines 1a and 1b were easily reacted with amines such as benzylamine and aniline, but not with p‐nitroaniline, to form the corresponding ring‐opening adducts. The reactions of both 1a and 1b with o‐phenylenediamine produced benzodiazoles with the liberation of benzoylhydrazide, whereas the reactions with o‐aminobenzamide furnished quinazolines with the liberation of ammonia. o‐Aminophenol and o‐aminothiophenol were also reacted with 1a and 1b both of them giving 1,5‐dibenzoylcarbohydrazide from 1a and 1,2‐dibenzoylhydrazine from 1b. From the conditions affording the corresponding ring‐opening adducts or reaction products, the ring‐opening abilities of the amines toward 1a and 1b are in good correlation with the strength of their basicities or pKb values. The ring‐opening of oxadiazolines were proved to occur with anilines. Therefore, the other reactions are also supposed to proceed via the ring‐opening steps.