31.1: <i>Invited Paper</i>: The Impact of Self‐luminous Electronic Devices on Melatonin Suppression

Figueiro, Mariana G.; Erdener, Basar; Jayawardena, Asiri; Lesniak, Natalia Z; Reh, Rinara; Sahin, L; Sweater, Kate; Wood, Brittany; Yue, Lisa

doi:10.1889/1.3621337

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For example, if participants were using a cell phone close to the eye, the pendant device will likely not capture that light exposure; therefore, the actual light exposures during the experiment may have been higher than those recorded by the pendant Daysimeter. Measurements of various types and models of self-luminous devices performed at our laboratory 23 revealed that certain desktop computer screens deliver a CS value of as much as 0.27 (equivalent to 27% suppression). Since in the present study, suppression after 1 hour was about 23%, it is possible that CS values from the self-luminous devices used by participants during the study were higher than those recorded by the pendant Daysimeter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-luminous devices and melatonin suppression in adolescents

Figueiro

Overington

2016

Lighting Research & Technology

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Self-luminous devices, such as computers, tablets and cell phones can emit shortwavelength (blue) light, which maximally suppresses melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone that starts rising approximately 2 hours prior to natural bedtimes and signals darkness and sleep to the body. The present study extends from previously published studies showing that light from self-luminous devices suppresses melatonin and delays sleep. This is the first study conducted in the home environment that investigated the effects of self-luminous devices on melatonin levels in adolescents (age 15-17 years). Results show that 1-hour and 2-hour exposure to light from self-luminous devices significantly suppressed melatonin by approximately 23% and 38% respectively. Compared to our previous studies, these results suggest that adolescents may be more sensitive to light than other populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-luminous devices and melatonin suppression in adolescents

Figueiro

Overington

2016

Lighting Research & Technology

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“…To validate the simplified function, it was possible to compare the predicted CS t values with nocturnal melatonin suppression data from 11 published studies [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] (Supplementary Tables S2 and S3). Figure 7 shows the calculated melatonin suppression data from the selected studies along with a priori predictions from the simplified function (Eq.…”

Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictions of melatonin suppression during the early biological night and their implications for residential light exposures prior to sleeping

Rea

Nagare

Figueiro

2020

Sci Rep

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the magnitude of nocturnal melatonin suppression depends upon the spectrum, amount, and duration of light exposure. the functional relationship between melatonin suppression and the light spectrum and amount have been previously described. only one duration-dependent parameter was needed to extend this functional relationship to predict nocturnal melatonin suppression during the early biological night from a variety of published studies. those predictions suggest that ambient lighting commonly found in north American homes will not suppress melatonin for durations up to 3 h, whereas extended use of self-luminous displays in the home prior to sleep can. The circadian system is perhaps one of the most important non-visual systems affected by retinal light exposure. The retinohypothalamic tract (RHT) is the direct neural pathway from the retina to the master biological clock, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) in the hypothalamus. It is now known that the spectral, temporal, spatial, and absolute sensitivity characteristics of the RHT neural channel stimulating the SCN are quite different from those exhibited by the optic nerve leading to visual functioning by the thalamus and visual cortex. This is true even though all retinal photoreceptors, including the intrinsically photosensitive retina ganglion cells (ipRGCs), participate in the various phototransduction processes for visual and non-visual systems 1-6. To quantify light as a stimulus for the circadian system, it is necessary to develop a functional relationship between optical radiation incident on the retina and the spectral, temporal, and absolute responses of the SCN. Toward that end, classic psychophysical methods can be used 7. Defining light: the photopic luminous efficiency function, V(λ) Psychophysics is a technique used to derive functional relationships between physical (Φ) stimuli and psychological (Ψ) responses (Fig. 1). Like physical quantities, these psychological responses are always in the form of measurable behavior, such as reaction times, subjective judgments, or nocturnal melatonin suppression. Radiometry is the physical measurement of optical radiation. A wide variety of behavioral responses can be measured for the very same optical radiation incident on the retina in psychophysical experiments. For example, an exposure to monochromatic wavelength can evoke a reaction time, a subjective report of apparent brightness, a reported hue sensation, or suppression of melatonin synthesis. Each of those behavioral responses will have a different functional relationship to the monochromatic wavelength exposure. The goal of one set of psychophysical experiments conducted in the early part of the twentieth century was to define light as a physical quantity for the emerging lighting industry by establishing a functional relationship between the radiant power of monochromatic wavelengths to the relative sensitivity of the human visual system to those wavelengths. Since sensitivity cannot be measured directly, the basic rationale for these experiments was...

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Future Directions for Lighting Environments

Figueiro

2020

Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders

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31.1: Invited Paper: The Impact of Self‐luminous Electronic Devices on Melatonin Suppression

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Self-luminous devices and melatonin suppression in adolescents

Self-luminous devices and melatonin suppression in adolescents

Predictions of melatonin suppression during the early biological night and their implications for residential light exposures prior to sleeping

Future Directions for Lighting Environments

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