“…After heat treatment at higher temperature (350 8C), the 31 P resonance of the samples (a-350, b-350, c-350) shows obvious changes, besides the narrow resonance at À1.4 ppm associated with Q 0 species, additional resonance appeared at À13.4 ppm and À30.5 ppm, assigned to Q 1 and Q 3 respectively. Moreover, a resonance is also seen at around À44 ppm, which can be assigned to Q 3 phosphates linked to both four-and sixcoordinated silicon atoms through P-O-Si bridges [24]. For the samples b-350 (from phosphoric acid/IS) and c-350 (from phosphoric acid/xylitol), the intensity at this resonance ($À44 ppm) is a little stronger and more negative than the samples a-350 (from phosphoric acid), this difference infers some differences in the number and/or coordination of the silicon neighbors in the P-O-Si bridges [25][26][27].…”