32P-postlabeling analysis of aromatic DNA-adducts in liver and brain of wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

Experimental evidence of physiological and behavioral effects of microplastic ingestion in Sparus aurata

“…Similar results were found in wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) from lakes with anthropogenic contaminants input on which biomarkers had higher levels in liver than in brain (Ray et al, 1995). This overall vision at the literature reinforce the idea that brain biomarkers require long-term exposure to an exogenous substance to activate, meanwhile liver recovers more effectively and rapidly after exposure, being stronger facing oxidative stress (Atli and Canli, 2007;Ray et al, 1995) possibly due to that on average, protein turnover rates in liver are shorter than those in brain (Rahman et al, 2016). In addition, it has to be considered that activities of CAT, SOD, and GPx in the liver of zebrafish did not show significant differences after MP exposure for 7 days (Chen et al, 2020), suggesting that liver also requires a minimum term of exposure to trigger the antioxidant system.…”

“…Other studies carried out with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) have already demonstrated different enzymatic responses to metal exposures depending on the concentration of the contaminant and the tissue analyzed (Atli et al, 2006;Atli and Canli, 2007). Similar results were found in wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) from lakes with anthropogenic contaminants input on which biomarkers had higher levels in liver than in brain (Ray et al, 1995). This overall vision at the literature reinforce the idea that brain biomarkers require long-term exposure to an exogenous substance to activate, meanwhile liver recovers more effectively and rapidly after exposure, being stronger facing oxidative stress (Atli and Canli, 2007;Ray et al, 1995) possibly due to that on average, protein turnover rates in liver are shorter than those in brain (Rahman et al, 2016).…”

Cytochrome P450 system expression and DNA adduct formation in the liver of Zacco platypus following waterborne Benzo(a)pyrene exposure: implications for biomarker determination

“…We used liver as the test organ because, compared to other organs, fish liver has relatively high CYP1A specific activity, which is important in DNA adduct formation (Ray et al, ; Levine and Oris, ). We used water as the route of exposure because exposure to BaP‐contaminated water is the primary route of uptake, as opposed to diet (Ray et al, ; Levine and Oris, ). Potter et al () revealed that 60 μg/L of homogeneously dispersed B a P in water induced DNA adduct formation.…”

Optimization of the32P-postlabeling Assay for Detecting Benzo(a)pyrene-induced DNA Adduct Formation in Zacco platypus

“…Moreover, the liver has been proposed as the major site of CYP1A-catalyzed biotransformation in fish. [16][17][18] A previous study revealed that low levels (1.2 and 0.4 μg/L) of homogeneously dispersed BaP in water did not cause DNA adduct formation, while high levels (60 μg/L) of homogeneously dispersed BaP induced DNA adduct formation. 19) We selected 20 and 100 μg/L as the lower and upper concentrations, considering 60 μg/L as the median concentration.…”