33 Oral Candida colonization in solid organ transplant recipients

Dongari-Bagtzoglou, Anna; Ioannidou, Effie; Dwivedi, Prabhat; Burleson, Joseph A.; Hull, David R.

doi:10.1016/s1201-9712(06)80031-7

Cited by 35 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…The presence of microorganisms including Candida or viruses in the body lesions of cancer patients has been well studied (38,39). However, the prevalence of oral microflora in the saliva of oncological patients by PCR has not been investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Oral Microbes in the Saliva of Oncological Patients

Kang

Kim

et al. 2009

J Bacteriol Virol

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This study examined the prevalence of oral microbes in the saliva of oncological patients and healthy subjects. PCR was used to assess the frequency of oral microbes including 3 cariogenic bacteria, 5 periodontopathic bacteria and 4 Candida species in the saliva of 104 oncological patients and 52 healthy subjects. Among these microorganims, Streptococcus mutans, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Candida albicans were most frequently detected in both groups. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of cariogenic bacteria between the patient and healthy groups, whereas significant differences in the frequency of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were observed between the two groups (p < 0.05). The prevalence of all five periodontopathogens was higher in the healthy group than in the patient group. The prevalence of C. albicans in patients was significantly higher than that of healthy group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, there were significant differences in the prevalence of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and C. albicans between the oncological patient group and healthy group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Oral Microbes in the Saliva of Oncological Patients

Kang

Kim

et al. 2009

J Bacteriol Virol

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“…The population investigated was a subset from a larger study that recruited 90 renal and cardiac transplant recipients and 72 controls (9,10). All study procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Boards from the University of Connecticut Health Center and Hartford Hospital.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unstimulated whole saliva and swabs from the oral mucosa were collected as previously described (9). Determinations of Candida load in saliva and oral mucosa and Candida species identification were performed via cultivation methods as previously reported (9).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in solid-organ transplant recipients and nonimmunosuppressed individuals, our group reported that the frequency of carriage of non-albicans Candida spp. is higher in transplanted subjects (9). In the present study, we evaluated the oral bacterial microbiome of a subgroup of these immunosuppressed individuals and compared their salivary bacteriomes to those of nonimmunosuppressed controls.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Transplantation-Associated Long-Term Immunosuppression Promotes Oral Colonization by Potentially Opportunistic Pathogens without Impacting Other Members of the Salivary Bacteriome

Diaz

Hong

Frias-Lopez³

et al. 2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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e Solid-organ transplant recipients rely on pharmacological immunosuppression to prevent allograft rejection. The effect of such chronic immunosuppression on the microflora at mucosal surfaces is not known. We evaluated the salivary bacterial microbiome of 20 transplant recipients and 19 nonimmunosuppressed controls via 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. Alpha-diversity and global community structure did not differ between transplant and control subjects. However, principal coordinate analysis showed differences in community membership. Taxa more prevalent in transplant subjects included operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of potentially opportunistic Gammaproteobacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Acinetobacter species, Vibrio species, Enterobacteriaceae species, and the genera Acinetobacter and Klebsiella. Transplant subjects also had increased proportions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species, Enterobacteriaceae species, and Enterococcus faecalis, among other OTUs, while genera with increased proportions included Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus, and Enterococcus. Furthermore, in transplant subjects, the dose of the immunosuppressant prednisone positively correlated with bacterial richness, while prednisone and mycophenolate mofetil doses positively correlated with the prevalence and proportions of transplant-associated taxa. Correlation network analysis of OTU relative abundance revealed a cluster containing potentially opportunistic pathogens as transplant associated. This cluster positively correlated with serum levels of C-reactive protein, suggesting a link between the resident flora at mucosal compartments and systemic inflammation. Network connectivity analysis revealed opportunistic pathogens as highly connected to each other and to common oral commensals, pointing to bacterial interactions that may influence colonization. This work demonstrates that immunosuppression aimed at limiting Tcell-mediated responses creates a more permissive oral environment for potentially opportunistic pathogens without affecting other members of the salivary bacteriome.

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“…Candida glabrata is the most significant species that has emerged and now regularly ranks number two, after C. albicans, as the etiologic agent of superficial and invasive candidiasis occurring in adults (17,27). Reasons for this change in species distribution remain uncertain but may be partially due to the natural resistance of C. glabrata to azole derivates, widely used since the 1980s (6,10,26).…”

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Multilocus Microsatellite Markers for Molecular Typing of Candida glabrata : Application to Analysis of Genetic Relationships between Bloodstream and Digestive System Isolates

et al. 2010

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Candida glabrata has emerged as the second most common etiologic agent, after Candida albicans, of superficial and invasive candidiasis in adults. Strain typing is essential for epidemiological investigation, but easy-to-use and reliable typing methods are still lacking. We report the use of a multilocus microsatellite typing method with a set of eight markers on a panel of 180 strains, including 136 blood isolates from hospitalized patients and 34 digestive tract isolates from nonhospitalized patients. A total of 44 different alleles were observed, generating 87 distinct genotypes. In addition to perfect reproducibility, typing ability, and stability, the method had a discriminatory power calculated at 0.97 when all 8 markers were associated, making it suitable for tracing strains. In addition, it is shown that digestive tract isolates differed from blood culture isolates by exhibiting a higher genotypic diversity associated with different allelic frequencies and preferentially did not group in clonal complexes (CCs). The demonstration of the occurrence of microevolution in digestive strains supports the idea that C. glabrata can be a persistent commensal of the human gut.

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33 Oral Candida colonization in solid organ transplant recipients

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of Oral Microbes in the Saliva of Oncological Patients

Prevalence of Oral Microbes in the Saliva of Oncological Patients

Transplantation-Associated Long-Term Immunosuppression Promotes Oral Colonization by Potentially Opportunistic Pathogens without Impacting Other Members of the Salivary Bacteriome

Multilocus Microsatellite Markers for Molecular Typing of Candida glabrata : Application to Analysis of Genetic Relationships between Bloodstream and Digestive System Isolates

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