“…Men diagnosed in health care systems serving primarily low socioeconomic status populations tend to have significantly higher disease risk and stage at diagnosis than those seen in other settings with comparable ages, a phenomenon that does not seem possible to explain solely by racial distributions. [17][18][19] African American men are systematically under-represented in most prostate cancer research studies. As Sundi et al 7 ) against all PSA screening was its disregard for variable risk not only of prostate cancer incidence but also of prostate cancer mortality across various subpopulations.…”