362. Direct introduction of deuterium into the aromatic nucleus. Part I. Qualitative comparison of the efficiencies of some acidic deuterating agents and of the influence of some aromatic substituents

Ingold, C. K.; Raisin, C. G.; Wilson, Christopher L.

doi:10.1039/jr9360001637

Cited by 39 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…It is well-known that aromatic hydrogen exchanges with deuterium oxide in the presence of acid or base under mild conditions. − On the other hand, it is also well-known that aromatic hydrogen does not exchange with deuterium oxide or tritiated water under the neutral condition. , In the present study the hydrogen exchange of coal with tritiated water is related to the exchange with functional groups because the reactions were performed under almost neutral conditions. Further, our results in HER are consistent with the exchange of functional groups determined in the literature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Elucidation of Hydrogen Mobility in Functional Groups of Coals Using Tritium Tracer Methods

et al. 2001

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Hydrogen exchange reactions of coal with tritiated water and gaseous hydrogen were investigated to estimate the mobility of hydrogen in coal using not only a batch type reactor but also a flow type reactor. Specifically, the reactivities of functional groups were traced in these reactions. In the reaction of coal with tritiated water at 100°C the hydrogen exchange of functional groups such as hydroxyl group in coals could be estimated. In the pressurized system using stainless batch type reactor aromatic hydrogen at ortho-and para-positions of a functional group could also be estimated by the hydrogen exchange reactions of coal and tritiated water at higher temperature. In hydrogen exchange reactions of coals with tritiated gaseous hydrogen using a flow reactor, reaction temperature was controlled exactly. The use of a Pt/Al 2 O 3 catalyst promoted the generation of hydrogen radicals which reacted with coal. This method enables us to estimate the reactivity of a functional group with a hydrogen radical. Further, it was found that the particle size of coal only slightly affected hydrogen exchange ratio of coal in both cases of tritiated gaseous hydrogen and tritiated water.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Elucidation of Hydrogen Mobility in Functional Groups of Coals Using Tritium Tracer Methods

et al. 2001

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“…difference (S) is a function of the shift difference between the resonances for the fully protonated and fully deuterated species and the fractionation factor. Assuming that concentrations are proportional to activities [solute-D] [water-H] ^frac [solute-H] [water-D] -H) + (Ffrac (% water-D))(% water-D)(4) …”

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confidence: 74%

A new method for obtaining isotopic fractionation data at multiple sites in rapidly exchanging systems

Jarret¹,

Saunders²

1985

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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“…In contrast to this, all heteroatom compounds could readily exchange hydrogen with water and HERs of these compounds were approximately the same as ratios of hydrogen in functional groups to total hydrogen derived from stoichiometry of the model compounds. Acid- and base-catalyzed deuterium incorporation into aromatic nucleus has been reported in the literature. − Ingold et al. showed that the reaction of phenol with deuterium oxide in the presence of NaOH exchanged three nuclear hydrogen atoms in an aromatic ring after 30−40 days at 100 °C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidation of Hydrogen Mobility in Coal Using a Tritium Tracer Method. 1. Hydrogen Exchange Reaction of Coal with Tritiated Water

et al. 1997

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The hydrogen exchange of coals with water was investigated using a tritium tracer method to estimate the mobility of hydrogen in coals. The reactions at several temperatures between 50 and 300 °C were carried out using a glass batch reactor and a pulse flow reactor, respectively. At lower temperatures, the ratio of hydrogen exchange of coal with water increased with a decrease in rank of coals and tended to change with respect to the content of functional groups such as hydroxyl group, thiol, amino group, and carboxylic acid in coal. From the results obtained from the hydrogen exchange of model compounds of the functional groups present in coal, it is proposed that the hydrogen only in the functional group was exchangeable at lower temperature while the hydrogen in aromatic ring substituted by functional groups also became exchangeable at 300 °C. It was found that the use of the pulse flow reactor as well as the glass batch reactor was very useful facile and convenient methods to trace the hydrogen exchange between coal and water.

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362. Direct introduction of deuterium into the aromatic nucleus. Part I. Qualitative comparison of the efficiencies of some acidic deuterating agents and of the influence of some aromatic substituents

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Elucidation of Hydrogen Mobility in Functional Groups of Coals Using Tritium Tracer Methods

Elucidation of Hydrogen Mobility in Functional Groups of Coals Using Tritium Tracer Methods

A new method for obtaining isotopic fractionation data at multiple sites in rapidly exchanging systems

Elucidation of Hydrogen Mobility in Coal Using a Tritium Tracer Method. 1. Hydrogen Exchange Reaction of Coal with Tritiated Water

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