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Grinenko, G. S.; Попова, Е. В.; Gabinskaya, K. N.

doi:10.1023/a:1021809225417

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Urine may therefore receive doses of these steroids if contamination of urine samples from faecal crusts present on the skin or dried faeces in the stall occurs. In any event it is likely that faecal contamination also brings cholesterol and phytosterols – all potential precursors10, 12, 15, 16 for the neoformation of the steroids investigated in the present study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Evaluation of boldenone formation and related steroids transformations in veal faeces by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Arioli

Gavinelli

Fracchiolla

et al. 2007

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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It is established that bovine urine can result positive for boldenone and androstadienedione in consequence of faecal contamination. The simple transfer of steroids to urine is one minor aspect of faecal contamination. A high de novo production of steroids in faeces after deposition and in faeces-contaminated urine is almost certainly due to microbial activity, although the precursor compounds and transformations leading to the presence of these illegal steroids are unclear. We developed a simple in vitro method - incubation of faecal matter suspended in 0.9% saline - to induce steroid transformations in faeces, and analyzed the products by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, without the need for prior extraction. Norethandrolone was the internal standard. The linearity (R(2): 0.987-0.999), sensitivity (LODs: 0.3 to 1.0 ng/mL; LOQs: 1.0 to 3.0 ng/mL), precision (intra-day CVs: 2.6-8.2; inter-day CVs: 4.5-11.5) and accuracy (percentage recovery: 89-120%) were calculated for the studied steroids. Androstenedione, androstadienedione, alpha- and beta-boldenone, testosterone and epitestosterone transformations were investigated. Mutual interconversion of steroids was observed, although 17beta-hydroxy steroids had low stability compared with 17alpha-hydroxy and 17-keto steroids. The results suggest that this simple in vitro system may be an effective way of studying hormone transformations in faeces and, after analogue studies, in faeces-contaminated urine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…NRRL B‐3683 to transform β ‐sitoterols into ADD, in the presence of a 1(2)‐dehydrogenase. Moreover, Grinenko et al 12. proved that the transformation of a natural sterol mixture into AED under the action of Mycobacterium sp.…”

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confidence: 99%