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Preparation of Fullerene (C60) Based SiO2 Sonogel Hybrid Composites: UV Laser Induced Photo-Polymerization, Morphological, and Optical Properties

“…21 implemented by Sun et al, 48 and it is shown in Figure 2. This device uses the frequency doubled beam from a commercial Q-switched Nd:YAG Laser system (Surelite II from Continuum, = 1064 nm, 2 = 532 nm, repetition rate: 10 Hz, pulse width: ≈ 12 ns FWHM).…”

“…Such C 60 and fullerene derivative sol-gel composites have been intensively studied in recent years due to their promising technological applications such as photo-electronic, NLO, superconductor, ferromagnetic and molecular sensing devices, which take advantage of their semiconducting properties. [21][22][23][24] Until now and to the best of the authors' knowledge, no reports concerning the optical limiting properties of C 60 photo-polymerized sol-gel (sonogel) hybrid systems have been published in the literature. Therefore, we used C 60 molecules as dopant materials to create solid state sonogel hybrids suitable for optical characterization, taking advantage of the novel catalystfree (CF) sonolysis route in order to produce highly pure sol-gel samples generated via a sonochemical reaction induced by ultrasonic (US) irradiation.…”

Synthesis and evaluation of thermal, photophysical and magnetic properties of novel starlike fullerene–organosilane macromolecules

“…Covalent linking of silicon alkoxide end group of triethoxysilyl fulleropyrrolidine, other fulleropyrrolidines [10,11] and trialkoxysilyl functionalized fullerenes to hybrid organic/inorganic sol-gel network of silica glasses show better optical limiting behavior [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Attachment of [60]fullerene to poly(dimethylsiloxanes) using o-xylene derivatization method [20][21][22][23][24][25] leads to soluble and structurally defined fullerene-containing polymers.…”

Hydrolysis Rate of Functionalized Fullerenes Bearing Alkoxysilanes: A Comparative Study

“…These issues include fullerene aggregation, nonlinear scattering and refraction, thermo-optical effects, and high-energy laser damage to the fullerene or to its hosting medium must also be considered. To limit these phenomena, a series of functionalized fullerenes bearing a trialkoxysilyl group for the covalent bonding to silica networks of hybrid organic/inorganic sol-gel glasses [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] have been introduced, although other approaches have been reported. [12][13][14] Our benchmark derivative, triethoxysilyl fulleropyrrolidine 2, [3,15] and other fulleropyrrolidines that exhibit the common feature of a covalently linked silicon alkoxide end group, [3] are fairly soluble [ ing the trimethoxysilyl group, hydrolyzes faster than substrates 2-7 and should be the reagent of choice to minimize aggregation of the fullerene spheroid in sol-gel glassy matrices.…”

“…The influence of the different alkoxysilane moieties on the hydrolysis rate constants is discussed, and the results compared with those obtained for TEOS and TMOS. With regard to established results, [3][4][5][6] this comparative kinetic study sets, on a quantitative basis, the different reactivities towards hydrolysis of a series of …”