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Abstract

Activation of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) leads to the formation of superoxide, which is in turn dismutated to H2O2 by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and is partly responsible for oxygen-dependent microbicidal activity. However, no comparative information is available on the effect of SOD inhibition before PMN activation to allow simulation of the SOD defects that are known to occur in some ruminants. This paper attempts to examine the degranulative and phagocytic responses in buffalo, cattle and goat PMNs exposed to diethyldithiocarbamate, a known SOD inhibitor. The activity of glutathione peroxidase and reductase was increased in the presence of SOD inhibitor. On activation, H2O2 production increased significantly (p < 0.01), while SOD inhibition before the activation of PMNs caused a significant decline in the production of H2O2 (p < 0.05) in all the species studied. There was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the phagocytosis of Candida albicans spores by buffalo PMNs activated with opsonized zymosan. Activation of bovine PMNs after exposure to the SOD inhibitor resulted in a significant decline (p < 0.05) in phagocytic activity; in the other species, the two values only approached significance. Among the activators, opsonized zymosan caused a significant increase in phagocytic activity as compared to lipopolysaccharide, particularly in the PMNs of buffaloes (p < 0.05). Increased fungicidal activity (p < 0.05) occurred with opsonized zymosan-activated PMNs of all the species studied. The fungicidal activity was found to decline in PMNs exposed to SOD inhibitor before activation (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the phagocytic activity of caprine PMNs was found to be lower than that of PMNs from cattle (p < 0.05).

The Respiratory Burst Activity of Bottlenose Dolphin Neutrophils Elicited by Several Stimulants.

“…Human neutrophils recognize LPS using with Toll-like receptor [18] or CD14 [20], and bovine CD14 expresses on neutrophils [21]. Neutrophils from buffalo and goat release oxygen radicals in response to LPS [22], but that from equine didn't [2]. To investigate whether or not dolphin neutrophils have a particular mechanism for LPS recognition, analysis of dolphin LPS receptor is needed.…”