3D capillary stop valves for versatile patterning inside microfluidic chips

Papadimitriou, Vasileios A.; Segerink, Loes; Berg, Albert van den; Eijkel, Jan C. T.

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.055

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…99 More recently, 3-dimensional stop valves were used to pattern antibody solutions within closed microfluidic chips. 102 Nevertheless, stop valves have had limited use in CCs as they typically require external actuation to overcome the flow stoppage. 39 Stop valves can readily be turned into capillary trigger valves (described below) by implementing the flow stop at an intersection with a second (orthogonal) microchannel.…”

Section: Stop Valvementioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary microfluidics in microchannels: from microfluidic networks to capillaric circuits

et al. 2018

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Microfluidics offer economy of reagents, rapid liquid delivery, and potential for automation of many reactions, but often require peripheral equipment for flow control. Capillary microfluidics can deliver liquids in a pre-programmed manner without peripheral equipment by exploiting surface tension effects encoded by the geometry and surface chemistry of a microchannel. Here, we review the history and progress of microchannel-based capillary microfluidics spanning over three decades. To both reflect recent experimental and conceptual progress, and distinguish from paper-based capillary microfluidics, we adopt the more recent terminology of capillaric circuits (CCs). We identify three distinct waves of development driven by microfabrication technologies starting with early implementations in industry using machining and lamination, followed by development in the context of micro total analysis systems (μTAS) and lab-on-a-chip devices using cleanroom microfabrication, and finally a third wave that arose with advances in rapid prototyping technologies. We discuss the basic physical laws governing capillary flow, deconstruct CCs into basic circuit elements including capillary pumps, stop valves, trigger valves, retention valves, and so on, and describe their operating principle and limitations. We discuss applications of CCs starting with the most common usage in automating liquid delivery steps for immunoassays, and highlight emerging applications such as DNA analysis. Finally, we highlight recent developments in rapid prototyping of CCs and the benefits offered including speed, low cost, and greater degrees of freedom in CC design. The combination of better analytical models and lower entry barriers (thanks to advances in rapid manufacturing) make CCs both a fertile research area and an increasingly capable technology for user-friendly and high-performance laboratory and diagnostic tests.

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Section: Stop Valvementioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary microfluidics in microchannels: from microfluidic networks to capillaric circuits

et al. 2018

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“…Fig. 1a shows the separation channel connected to two buffer channels via a Nafion membrane, which was patterned by capillarity 15 in a manner previously reported. 5 The buffer channels are grounded while two different potentials are applied at the ends of the separation channel (V u at upstream and V d at downstream reservoir with V u > V d ).…”

Section: Concentration Polarization and Establishment Of A Depletionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Continuous focusing, fractionation and extraction of anionic analytes in a microfluidic chip

2019

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“…There are many capillary components used in the microfluidic chips, such as various capillary pumps [4][5][6], capillary valves [7,8], bubble trapping and removing [2,9], capillary chambers and network circuits [10][11][12]. Recently, a critical review by Olanrewaju et al [13] provide a comprehensive introduction of the capillary components and circuits as well as the fabrication techniques employed in microfluidic chips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximization of the capillary pump efficiency in microfluidics

et al. 2021

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This paper studies the efficiency of capillary pump analytically in circular, square and rectangular channels with results verified by experiment. The effect of liquid momentum is analyzed with respect to channel size and equations are developed to enable most efficient fluid pumping. It is found that the momentum term is negligible at channel cross-cut area < 0.1 mm2 while it has a significant contribution at > 0.3 mm2 region. The optimized equations show that the most efficient pumping and thereby the quickest liquid filling is accomplished in square shaped channel when compared with rectangular and circular channels. Generally, the longer the filling distance, or the longer the filling time, the larger the channel size is required after optimization, and vice versa. For the rectangular channel with channel height fixed, the channel width requirement to maximize the ability of capillary pump is obtained and discussed. Experimental verifications are conducted based on the measurement of filling distance versus time, and the simulation results are well correlated with the testing results. The equations developed in the paper provide a reference for the microfluidic channel design, such that the channel filling speed can be maximized.

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3D capillary stop valves for versatile patterning inside microfluidic chips

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Capillary microfluidics in microchannels: from microfluidic networks to capillaric circuits

Capillary microfluidics in microchannels: from microfluidic networks to capillaric circuits

Continuous focusing, fractionation and extraction of anionic analytes in a microfluidic chip

Maximization of the capillary pump efficiency in microfluidics

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