3D food printing of as the new way of preparing food: A review

Abstract

The 3D printing technology has been applied to directly to construct physical model from 3D modelling without any aid of mold. Several industries such as automobile, aerospace including and recently food industry has utilize this technology to manufacture a complicated and intricate part required in the industry. It is foreseeable that 3D food printing (3DP) are possible to produce complex food model with unique internal pattern. A 3D food printing technique is composed of an extrusion-based printing, selective laser sintering and inkjet (liquid binding) printing. The food materials such as sugar, gelatin-based chocolate, and are used to create designed shape based on layer-by-layer method. This paper presents a review of 3D food printing techniques. This review is to categorize, printability, productivity, properties of printable material and mechanism of 3D food printing techniques, as well as to propose the future direction of this novel technology.

Techno-Economic Prospects and Desirability of 3D Food Printing: Perspectives of Industrial Experts, Researchers and Consumers

“…It is not advised to brand the technology as 3D food printing, as the term 'printing' drew adverse associations in consumers' minds that are against the current food trends related to naturalness and healthiness. In general, the focus group results confirmed the finding of Mantihal et al, that consumer awareness of 3D food printing is still very limited [8]. 3D food printing enterprises should invest resources to address this issue, since consumers ultimately decide whether 3D food printing will make a commercial breakthrough or not.…”

“…One of the associated challenges, identified from the literature [14][15][16], is the matching of food ingredients with suitable 3D printing techniques. However, out of the techniques applicable in 3D printing food (i.e., material extrusion, selective laser sintering, hot air sintering, and liquid binding), material extrusion provides the most versatility in terms of applicable ingredients [8,15,43,44]. In agreement with this, experts considered extrusion-based techniques to have the most potential for industrial scaling.…”

Micro 3D Printing by Two-Photon Polymerization: Configurations and Parameters for the Nanoscribe System

“…3D printing, also known as rapid prototyping or additive manufacturing, has become one of the world's greatest tools for small-scale manufacturing and is increasingly used for large-scale production. Pioneered in the late 1980s [1], 3D printing has been developing at an incredible pace in recent years and has proven useful for, e.g., medical applications [2], the constructions industry [3], or even preparing food [4]. A plethora of 3D printing equipment for various size scales is already commercially available, while further technological developments in the field are being explored in many research laboratories around the world.…”

3D Food Printing: Principles of Obtaining Digitally-Designed Nourishment

“…Three-dimensional printing (3DP), also known by the terms “Additive Manufacturing” (AM) or/and “Rapid Prototyping”, is the process of making three-dimensional solid objects from a digital file fort [ 1 ]. This recent technology is acquiring a wide interest from researchers and various industries worldwide, because it is a versatile option for manufacturing and it offers new perspectives of expansion [ 1 , 2 ]. AM is based on a digitally-controlled robotic construction process, which is able to build up complex, solid forms layer by layer, and utilizes chemical reactions or phase transitions for binding the layers together [ 3 , 4 ].…”

“…Several technologies can be used in 3DP, nevertheless, the most commonly used in 2020 are Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), known as material extrusion, followed by Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), due to the large variety of materials that can be printed. In the food industry, four of the 3DP techniques have been used so far, such as material extrusion, binder jetting, selective laser sintering, and inkjet printing, techniques which will be extensively discussed in the followings [ 2 ].…”