3D hierarchically mesoporous Cu-doped NiO nanostructures as high-performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Abstract

We report on rational design and synthesis of mesoporous three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical Cu-doped NiO architectures with adjustable chemical component, surface area, and hierarchically porous structure.The effect of Mn doping and calcining temperature on the microstructure, surface area, porous structure of the 3D mesoporous Cu-doped NiO nano-architectures is investigated using SEM, TEM, XPS, XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm techniques. The electrochemical performance of the Cu-doped NiO architectures is studied via cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The 3D mesoporous Cu-doped NiO hierarchical architectures display greatly enhanced electrochemical performance of high reversible capacity, high-rate capability, and excellent cycling performance as LIBs anode materials. The improved performance of 3D mesoporous Cu x NiO anodes can be attributed to the synergetic effects of an optimal level of Cu doping and hierarchically porous feature. The doping of Cu greatly improves charge transport kinetics at the interface between the electrode and electrolyte, and hierarchically porous structure provides larger surface area and allows for effective electrolyte penetration, alleviates the strain induced by volume excursion in cycle processes. 12 attributed to electrolyte decomposition and the formation of a SEI layer. At the 5 th cycle, it is shown that the Cu 3% NiO electrode shows the best electrochemical performance, displaying the reversible charge capacity of 781, 950, 984 and 826 mA h g -1 (for 0, 1, 3, 5% Cu content), corresponding to coulombic efficiency of 96.9, 97.1, 98.5, 98.1%, respectively. With the increase of Cu doping content, the reversible capacity of the Cu x NiO samples first rapidly increases and then decreases as Cu doping molar percentage is up to 3%. Moreover, the two distinct voltage plateau can be observed clearly at around 0.5 V and 2.2 V corresponding to the initial cathodic and anodic peaks during the CV process described in Fig. 8.The chemical composition component and the microstructures such as grain size, crystallinity, porous structure, surface area and pore volume should impose key effects on the electrochemical performance of the mesoporous 3D hierarchical Cu x NiO architectures. For the effect of Cu incorporation content on the cycling performance and stability, at a galvanostatic charge/discharge current of 100 mA g -1 between 0.01 and 3.0 V, it can be comparatively illustrated in Fig. 10a. Among the Cu x NiO samples with different Cu incorporated contents, the Cu 3% NiO sample delivers the highest specific capacity of 550 mA h g -1 after 100 cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 97.1%. By a comparison, the pure NiO and the Cu 1% NiO, Cu 5% NiO electrode could only display reversible charge capacity of 184 and 376, 272 mA h g -1 after 100 cycles, respectively. It is clearly shown that the reversible capacity of Cu 3% NiO after 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA h g -1 is 2.98 and 2.0 ti...

One-step synthesis of Li-doped NiO as high-performance anode material for lithium ion batteries

“…For instance, Ma et al reported that Co-doped NiO nanoflake arrays can deliver excellent rate capability and good capacity retention even at a high current rate of 2 Ag À 1 , with about 1.7 times improvement in the reversible specific discharge capacities compared to pure NiO [46]. In addition, Yin's group reported 3D hierarchically mesoporous Cu-doped NiO, which realized a higher reversible capacity and better rate performance than that of the pure NiO [47].…”

“…For example, Seung et al reported the ultrafast synthesis of yolk-shell NiO nanopowders, and the powders showed good capacities and capacity retention because of their excellent structural stability [39]. For improving the performance of NiO, another effective route is chemical doping, which is effective in improving the electrical conductivity and reducing charge transfer resistance during the cycling process [42][43][44][45]. For instance, Ma et al reported that Co-doped NiO nanoflake arrays can deliver excellent rate capability and good capacity retention even at a high current rate of 2 Ag À 1 , with about 1.7 times improvement in the reversible specific discharge capacities compared to pure NiO [46].…”

Co-doped Ni hydroxide and oxide nanosheet networks: laser-assisted synthesis, effective doping, and ultrahigh pseudocapacitor performance

“…One potential approach is to dope them with other elements. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The similar sizes of Ni and Co ion radii make it possible to dope nickel hydroxide-oxide with cobalt without causing serious lattice strain. The Co 2+ partially substitutes for Ni 2+ in the metal hydroxide-oxide, which may result in an increase of free holes in the valence band, and, therefore, enhancement of the p-type conductivity.…”

Three-Dimensional Zn0.5Cd0.5S/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Aerogel: Facile Synthesis and the Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Property for Reduction of Cr(VI) in Water

“…Figure 6(a) depicts its typical nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm. According to the IUPAC nomenclature, the isotherm belongs to type IV with a H4 hysteresis loop at the relative pressure ( / 0 ) between 0.3 and 0.95, which is associated with the capillary condensation occurring in mesopores, indicating the presence of narrow slit-shaped mesopores in the hybrid aerogel material [46][47][48]. The corresponding pore size distribution data obtained from the adsorption branch of isotherm curve by the BJH method are shown in Figure 6(b), illustrating that the pore size mainly ranges from several to dozens of nanometers.…”