3D imaging of micro-segregation and corrosion behavior of alloying elements in archaeological artefacts from Motya (Sicily, Italy)

Bernabale, Martina; Cognigni, Flavio; Mura, Francesco; Nigro, Lorenzo; Montanari, Daria; Rossi, Marco; Vito, Caterina De

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2022.110900

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Studies of archaeological objects can also improve knowledge in the field of long-term corrosion, helping scientists and curators to control and arrest the process of deterioration of ancient metal objects and selecting ideal storage conditions in museums [26,27].…”

Section: Coinage Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ancient Roman Coins from the Republican Age to the Imperial Age: A Multi-Analytical Approach

De Vito,

Bernabale,

Aurisicchio

et al. 2024

Heritage

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We report here the results of a multi-analytical approach to characterize twelve Roman coins dating from the third century B.C. to fifth century A.D. that were found in the surroundings of Rome and for which the year of minting is determined by numismatic analysis. The coins were studied using SEM-EDS, EMPA, XRD, and FTIR techniques, enabling semi-quantitative and quantitative determinations of the chemical and mineralogical composition of the alloys and corrosion products. SEM-EDS analyses highlighted the occurrence of corrosion products on the surfaces and wide chemical variations due to selective enrichment or depletions of the alloying metals. The EMP analyses showed that three of the twelve coins are made of copper (1), one is a copper–tin alloy (2), five are copper–tin–lead alloys with elements in different proportions (3), two are copper–lead alloys (4), and another one is a subaerata coin (5). In addition, the physical parameters of the coins, i.e., density, weight, and diameters, were measured to have an overall characterization.

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Section: Coinage Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, new non-invasive techniques were introduced to explore corrosion mechanisms in archaeological artifacts which are useful for exploring corrosion, plastic, and aplastic deformations of archaeological artifacts [26,27,33].…”

Section: Coinage Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient Roman Coins from the Republican Age to the Imperial Age: A Multi-Analytical Approach

De Vito,

Bernabale,

Aurisicchio

et al. 2024

Heritage

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“…Imaging based on X-ray microscopy (XRM) could positively solve some of the problems mentioned above. Recently applied to a wide range of materialssuch as cultural heritage [17,18], batteries [19], and biological samples [20] -X-ray microscopy allows visualizing the internal architecture of an object, providing information on its microstructure with sub-micrometric spatial resolution. Like microtomographic techniques, XRM can extract a 3D model of the sample from its twodimensional scans, which can be virtually handled without physical alteration [21][22][23].…”

Section: A Age-at-death Estimation: the Case Of The Tophet Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

XRM imaging for non-destructive age at death estimation of the incinerated teeth from the Motya Tophet

Trocchi,

Fattore,

Cognigni

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the 2022 IMEKO TC4 International Conference on Metrology for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage

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The study of odonto-skeletal remains of immature individuals provides important information on the cultural significance of childhood in past societies. The Tophetsi.e., distinct burial areas for infant cremated remains found in several Phoenician-Punic colonies in the Mediterranean areaoffer an ideal case study to test the potential of alternative analysis approaches on cremated remains. This study presents a non-destructive methodology based on Xray microscopy (XRM), aimed to analyze a sample of cremated deciduous teeth from the Tophet of Motya, providing information on the demographic profile and age-at-death classes of the buried individuals. The results are consistent with previous studies on remains from other Tophets and highlight the importance of using non-invasive techniques to collect and analyze data that are useful for the interpretation of burial practices reserved for newborns and infants in the Phoenician world. I.

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“…X-ray Microscopy (XRM) is a characterization technique that allows the three-dimensional investigation of internal features of specimens in a non-destructive way [10] [11] [12] [13]. XRM has been involved in wide range of applications such as aerospace [14,15], energy materials research [16,17,18], electronics and semiconductors [19,20], cultural heritage [21,22,23,24], biomedical engineering [25,26], and biology [27]. The contrast obtained in the final image strongly depends on the X-ray absorption phenomenon that occurs along the X-ray beam path L (in m) inside the sample which is function of the attenuation coefficient value µ(x) (in m -1 ) in a certain position x (in m) along the path inside the specimen and depends on the intensity of the X-ray beam before entering the sample I0 (in Watt).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preservation and Reproduction of an Ancient Human Humerus through X-ray Microscopy and 3D Printing

Cognigni,

Alemanno,

Fattore

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The combination of X-ray Microscopy (XRM) and three-dimensional virtual reconstruction has enabled the digitization and restoration of broken artifacts. By scanning, acquiring, and virtually stitching together the 3D reconstructions of individual broken pieces, damaged relics can be visualized as if they were intact objects. These virtually reconstructed samples can then be reproduced as physical copies through 3D printing, allowing for the sharing of rare findings in museum exhibits worldwide so that printed copies can be displayed for public exposure, while the original pieces remain preserved. This paper aims to demonstrate the application of these reconstruction principles to an artificially modified human humerus belonging to the II–I millennium BC. The humerus was bent into the shape of a serpent for ritual purposes related to the ancient “Snake Cult”, which was widespread in the Persian Gulf area during the Iron Age. Following the scanning and software elaboration processes, the pieces were printed in Polylactic Acid (PLA) as a single object and made available to the public, thus giving new life to a unique piece of history.

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3D imaging of micro-segregation and corrosion behavior of alloying elements in archaeological artefacts from Motya (Sicily, Italy)

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Ancient Roman Coins from the Republican Age to the Imperial Age: A Multi-Analytical Approach

Ancient Roman Coins from the Republican Age to the Imperial Age: A Multi-Analytical Approach

XRM imaging for non-destructive age at death estimation of the incinerated teeth from the Motya Tophet

Preservation and Reproduction of an Ancient Human Humerus through X-ray Microscopy and 3D Printing

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