3D large eddy simulation (LES) calculations and experiments of natural convection in a laterally-heated cylindrical enclosure for crystal growth

Enayati, Hooman; Chandy, Abhilash J.; Braun, M. J.; Horning, Nicholas

doi:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2017.01.025

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The study by Enayati et al uses an experimental model with water as both the working fluid inside the enclosure and as a means of wall temperature control [31]. Using this experimental transparent setup, Enayati et al present validation data obtained using tracer particles and a laser-based imaging system [31]. The validation data fit the experimental data rather well, supporting the numerical results as well as the chosen heater-long constant temperatures as a boundary condition.…”

Section: Axisymmetric 2d Calculations Versus 3d Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…One of the objects with the largest deviations from axial symmetry therefore also constitutes a primary region of interest to the crystal grower. A few groups have done 3D calculations and concluded that 3D calculations are necessary for obtaining accurate results on the heat and mass transport inside the autoclave [26,31]. It should be noted that these simulations did not even contain any not axially symmetric solids [26,31].…”

Section: Axisymmetric 2d Calculations Versus 3d Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few groups have done 3D calculations and concluded that 3D calculations are necessary for obtaining accurate results on the heat and mass transport inside the autoclave [26,31]. It should be noted that these simulations did not even contain any not axially symmetric solids [26,31]. The study by Enayati et al uses an experimental model with water as both the working fluid inside the enclosure and as a means of wall temperature control [31].…”

Section: Axisymmetric 2d Calculations Versus 3d Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that these simulations did not even contain any not axially symmetric solids [26,31]. The study by Enayati et al uses an experimental model with water as both the working fluid inside the enclosure and as a means of wall temperature control [31]. Using this experimental transparent setup, Enayati et al present validation data obtained using tracer particles and a laser-based imaging system [31].…”

Section: Axisymmetric 2d Calculations Versus 3d Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the accuracy of such numerical results remains unclear, preventing simulations from delivering their full potential impact on further development and use of the ammonothermal method for bulk crystal growth. Moreover, it should be noted that natural convection in cylindrical enclosures with laterally heated walls in general is not well studied to date [28,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Simulation of Ammonothermal Crystal Growth of GaN—Current State, Challenges, and Prospects

et al. 2021

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Numerical simulations are a valuable tool for the design and optimization of crystal growth processes because experimental investigations are expensive and access to internal parameters is limited. These technical limitations are particularly large for ammonothermal growth of bulk GaN, an important semiconductor material. This review presents an overview of the literature on simulations targeting ammonothermal growth of GaN. Approaches for validation are also reviewed, and an overview of available methods and data is given. Fluid flow is likely in the transitional range between laminar and turbulent; however, the time-averaged flow patterns likely tend to be stable. Thermal boundary conditions both in experimental and numerical research deserve more detailed evaluation, especially when designing numerical or physical models of the ammonothermal growth system. A key source of uncertainty for calculations is fluid properties under the specific conditions. This originates from their importance not only in numerical simulations but also in designing similar physical model systems and in guiding the selection of the flow model. Due to the various sources of uncertainty, a closer integration of numerical modeling, physical modeling, and the use of measurements under ammonothermal process conditions appear to be necessary for developing numerical models of defined accuracy.

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Section: Axisymmetric 2d Calculations Versus 3d Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 81%