3D Liver Tissue Model with Branched Vascular Networks by Multimaterial Bioprinting (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 23/2021)

Dynamic covalent chemistry in live cells for organelle targeting and enhanced photodynamic action

“…Overall, these results show that phototoxic effects at the level of plasma membrane and mitochondria are much more important than at other membrane regions of the cells, in line with previous studies. 15,[18][19][20][21]75 Moreover, phototoxic damage in cell plasma membranes and mitochondria leads to different morphological changes of the cells, which shows that the phototoxicity prole can be nely tuned by the subcellular localization of the photosensitizer dye.…”

“…2,5,[12][13][14] Previous studies showed that photosensitizers (PS) targeted to cell organelles, especially mitochondria and plasma membranes could improve the efficacy and precision of photodynamic therapy (PDT). [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] This remarkable effect originates from the short half-life of singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) ($40 ns), generated locally by PS aer light excitation, which could only diffuse within the limited distance from PS ($20 nm). [23][24][25] To address a specic organelle, the molecules of interest are usually conjugated with targeting units, 2,11 well established for plasma membrane, 26 lysosomes, 27 mitochondria, 28,29 and endoplasmic reticulum (ER).…”

“…2,5,12–14 Previous studies showed that photosensitizers (PS) targeted to cell organelles, especially mitochondria and plasma membranes could improve the efficacy and precision of photodynamic therapy (PDT). 15–22 This remarkable effect originates from the short half-life of singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) (∼40 ns), generated locally by PS after light excitation, which could only diffuse within the limited distance from PS (∼20 nm). 23–25…”

Strategies for Regenerative Vascular Tissue Engineering

“…[ 121 ] Additionally, multimaterial bioprinting, containing cell‐laden gelatin methacryloyl and fibrin bioinks, can be used to fabricate multiscale liver‐like tissues with perfusable vascular structures. By vascularizing the liver tissue in this manner, the hepatic function could not only be sustained in vitro but could support hepatic tissue in vivo, when surgically anastomosed to the host vasculature for up to 4 d. [ 122 ]…”

Photoelectric Properties of Functional Materials under High Pressure

“…[ 2 ] Substitutions for conventional commercial photoelectric materials, such as Si and Ge, must be identified because of the complexity and expensive manufacturing technology required. [ 5,6 ] Emerging and promising candidates, including graphene, [ 7,8 ] black phosphorus, [ 9,10 ] MXenes, [ 11,12 ] transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), [ 13,14 ] and perovskite materials [ 15,16 ] have attracted tremendous attention for future photoelectric applications. However, practical applications require sufficient effort and insights.…”