3D Multiple Object Tracking or Adaptive Dual n-back Training Boosts Simple Verbal Working Memory Span but Not Multitasking Performance in Military Participants

Vartanian, Oshin; Stokes-Hendriks, Tonya; King, Kristen A.; Rice, Emma; Forbes, Sarah

doi:10.1007/s41465-020-00201-4

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In addition, the training group showed greater improvements in fluid intelligence than the control group, which corroborates previous evidence that working memory training can indeed improve individuals’ cognitive abilities (Course-Choi et al 2017 ; Li et al 2021 ; Mattson et al 2020 ; Miró-Padilla et al 2020 ). Other studies failed to achieve transfer effects of training (Schwaighofer et al 2015 ; Soveri et al 2017 ; Vartanian et al 2021 ), which may be because the differences were not significant due to an insufficient number of participants or because the training time and intensity did not reach the threshold needed to transfer learning between tasks (Kable et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of working memory training on situation awareness in a flight simulator

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2022

Cogn Tech Work

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The close relationship between working memory and situation awareness (SA) has been confirmed and further empirical investigations are lacking. The main aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of working memory training for improving SA. Thirty-eight participants completed a challenging flight scenario in a high-fidelity flight simulator and were randomized into a training group (n = 20) or a control group (n = 18). The training group engaged in an adaptive dual N-back task for 2 weeks, while the control group was given a negative control task. Three-dimensional situation awareness rating technique (3D-SART) scores and situation awareness global assessment technique (SAGAT) scores were recorded to evaluate pretest and posttest SA. The results showed that both situational understanding dimension scores in the 3D-SART and SAGAT scores were significantly increased from the pretest to the posttest in the training group, while the control group showed no significant differences. It was concluded that working memory training can effectively improve individuals’ SA, which has important implication for future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of working memory training on situation awareness in a flight simulator

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2022

Cogn Tech Work

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“…Evaluating and enhancing performance is another area of VR research. Neurotracker is a tool that has gathered interest in the space community (Smith, 2023a), which uses object tracking for cognitive training and has been employed by military populations (Vartanian et al, 2021). VR has been used to test aspects of astronauts' perceptive and psychomotor functions in space (Gaskill, 2021) and is used as a pre-flight trainer to induce and reduce symptoms of space motion sickness and spatial disorientation in microgravity (Stroud et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The future potential of virtual reality countermeasures for maintaining behavioural health during long duration space exploration

Thomas

2023

Front. Virtual Real.

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Long duration space exploration is no longer a fantasy, with Elon Musk claiming to launch astronauts to Mars as early as 2029. The substantial increase in spaceflight duration required for a Mars mission has resulted in a stronger focus on behavioural health outcomes at NASA, with increased interest in using virtual reality countermeasures to both monitor and promote psychological wellbeing. From the perspective of a practitioner psychologist, this paper first considers the utility of virtual reality assessment of emerging behavioural health concerns for remote monitoring purposes. Key opportunities include using virtual reality for functional cognitive testing and leveraging the predictive abilities of multimodal data for personalised insights into symptomology. Suggestions are given as to how astronauts can self-monitor usage of virtual leisure activities that facilitate positive emotional experiences. Secondly, the potential to develop virtual reality countermeasures to deliver semi-structured therapeutic interventions such as collaborative cognitive-behavioural formulation in the absence of real-time communication is discussed. Finally, considerations for the responsible implementation of psychological monitoring tools are reviewed within a context of fostering psychological safety and reducing stigma.

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“…This is because not all of the variance in WM span task performance reflects WM capacity, but can instead reflect other factors related to the performance (e.g., strategies, ability to chunk letters, and random error) ( Kane et al, 2004 ; see Harrison et al, 2013 ) and beyond (e.g., stress, fatigue, and sleep loss). As such, when improvement in WM capacity is observed, care must be exercised in interpreting what has been targeted and improved by training (see also Vartanian et al, 2016 , 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is Targeted When We Train Working Memory? Evidence From a Meta-Analysis of the Neural Correlates of Working Memory Training Using Activation Likelihood Estimation

et al. 2022

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Working memory (WM) is the system responsible for maintaining and manipulating information, in the face of ongoing distraction. In turn, WM span is perceived to be an individual-differences construct reflecting the limited capacity of this system. Recently, however, there has been some evidence to suggest that WM capacity can increase through training, raising the possibility that training can functionally alter the neural structures supporting WM. To address the hypothesis that the neural substrates underlying WM are targeted by training, we conducted a meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of WM training using Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE). Our results demonstrate that WM training is associated exclusively with decreases in blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) responses in clusters within the fronto-parietal system that underlie WM, including the bilateral inferior parietal lobule (BA 39/40), middle (BA 9) and superior (BA 6) frontal gyri, and medial frontal gyrus bordering on the cingulate gyrus (BA 8/32). We discuss the various psychological and physiological mechanisms that could be responsible for the observed reductions in the BOLD signal in relation to WM training, and consider their implications for the construct of WM span as a limited resource.

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3D Multiple Object Tracking or Adaptive Dual n-back Training Boosts Simple Verbal Working Memory Span but Not Multitasking Performance in Military Participants

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

The effect of working memory training on situation awareness in a flight simulator

The effect of working memory training on situation awareness in a flight simulator

The future potential of virtual reality countermeasures for maintaining behavioural health during long duration space exploration

What Is Targeted When We Train Working Memory? Evidence From a Meta-Analysis of the Neural Correlates of Working Memory Training Using Activation Likelihood Estimation

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