3D Printed Models in Cardiovascular Disease: An Exciting Future to Deliver Personalized Medicine

Sun, Zhonghua; Wee, Cleo

doi:10.3390/mi13101575

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 101 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Recent studies have shown the value of using Agilus A30 to print an aortic dissection model for the investigation of optimal CT angiography protocols [ 29 , 30 ]. Current literature shows a wide range of materials (from plastic to polylactic acid and thermoplastic polyurethane to rigid materials such as resin) and printers being used for 3D-printing CHD models, as indicated by a recent review article [ 31 ]. These 3D-printed CHD models are acceptable for education purposes due to their high accuracy in replicating both normal anatomy and pathology (the mean dimensional difference between 3D-printed models and original source images is <0.5 mm) [ 2 , 12 , 14 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Applications of Mixed Reality and 3D Printing in Congenital Heart Disease

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the anatomical features and generation of realistic three-dimensional (3D) visualization of congenital heart disease (CHD) is always challenging due to the complexity and wide spectrum of CHD. Emerging technologies, including 3D printing and mixed reality (MR), have the potential to overcome these limitations based on 2D and 3D reconstructions of the standard DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) images. However, very little research has been conducted with regard to the clinical value of these two novel technologies in CHD. This study aims to investigate the usefulness and clinical value of MR and 3D printing in assisting diagnosis, medical education, pre-operative planning, and intraoperative guidance of CHD surgeries through evaluations from a group of cardiac specialists and physicians. Two cardiac computed tomography angiography scans that demonstrate CHD of different complexities (atrial septal defect and double outlet right ventricle) were selected and converted into 3D-printed heart models (3DPHM) and MR models. Thirty-four cardiac specialists and physicians were recruited. The results showed that the MR models were ranked as the best modality amongst the three, and were significantly better than DICOM images in demonstrating complex CHD lesions (mean difference (MD) = 0.76, p = 0.01), in enhancing depth perception (MD = 1.09, p = 0.00), in portraying spatial relationship between cardiac structures (MD = 1.15, p = 0.00), as a learning tool of the pathology (MD = 0.91, p = 0.00), and in facilitating pre-operative planning (MD = 0.87, p = 0.02). The 3DPHM were ranked as the best modality and significantly better than DICOM images in facilitating communication with patients (MD = 0.99, p = 0.00). In conclusion, both MR models and 3DPHM have their own strengths in different aspects, and they are superior to standard DICOM images in the visualization and management of CHD.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Applications of Mixed Reality and 3D Printing in Congenital Heart Disease

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is a standard process to perform image post-processing and the segmentation of CT, MRI and sometimes ultrasound data in a digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) format, using either commercially available software or open source tools to segment the volume data. Mimics (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium), MeVislab (Mevismedical Solutions, Bremen, Germany) and Analyze 12.0/14.0 (AnalyzeDirect, Inc., Lexana, KS, USA) are commonly used commercial software packages for image post-processing and segmentation, while open source tools such as 3D Slicer (Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA) and ITK-SNAP ( , accessed on 28 January 2023) are also used to create 3D-printed medical models with high accuracy [ 31 ]. Of these tools, Mimics is the most commonly used software for 3D printing, in particular in the creation of cardiovascular models, due to its extensive function of segmenting cardiac structures.…”

Section: 3d Printing Preparation: Image Post-processing and Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these tools, Mimics is the most commonly used software for 3D printing, in particular in the creation of cardiovascular models, due to its extensive function of segmenting cardiac structures. 3D Slicer, an open source tool, is also commonly used in research publications [ 31 ].…”

Section: 3d Printing Preparation: Image Post-processing and Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes the software tools used for image processing and segmentation, 3D printers, printing materials, and the process of post 3D printing (such as model cleaning, etc.). The cost per model varies widely ranging from less than USD 100 to more than USD 1000, depending on the purpose of using these models for medical applications (whether they are used for medical education or clinical communication or simulation of surgical procedures or surgical planning) [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. In this article, we present our experience of producing low-cost and affordable 3D-printed personalized models in medical applications with a focus on cardiovascular disease over the last five years, through collaboration between two international institutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Patient-Specific 3D-Printed Low-Cost Models in Medical Education and Clinical Practice

2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

3D printing has been increasingly used for medical applications with studies reporting its value, ranging from medical education to pre-surgical planning and simulation, assisting doctor–patient communication or communication with clinicians, and the development of optimal computed tomography (CT) imaging protocols. This article presents our experience of utilising a 3D-printing facility to print a range of patient-specific low-cost models for medical applications. These models include personalized models in cardiovascular disease (from congenital heart disease to aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection and coronary artery disease) and tumours (lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and biliary disease) based on CT data. Furthermore, we designed and developed novel 3D-printed models, including a 3D-printed breast model for the simulation of breast cancer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and calcified coronary plaques for the simulation of extensive calcifications in the coronary arteries. Most of these 3D-printed models were scanned with CT (except for the breast model which was scanned using MRI) for investigation of their educational and clinical value, with promising results achieved. The models were confirmed to be highly accurate in replicating both anatomy and pathology in different body regions with affordable costs. Our experience of producing low-cost and affordable 3D-printed models highlights the feasibility of utilizing 3D-printing technology in medical education and clinical practice.

show abstract

“…[5][6][7] Indeed, it is found that 3D models allow surgeons to visualize anatomy three-dimensionally and aid in the planning and execution of complex surgeries. [8][9][10] 3D printing of porous structure offers an attractive means to improve the fabrication of bone models and facilitate their understanding for both academic studies and surgical planning. [11][12][13] Here we present the process of 3D-printed porous structure of a femoral bone composed of different infill densities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-printing of porous structures for reproduction of a femoral bone

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: 3D-printing has shown potential in several medical advances because of its ability to create patient-specific surgical models and instruments. In fact, this technology makes it possible to acquire and study physical models that accurately reproduce patient-specific anatomy. The challenge is to apply 3D-printing to reproduce the porous structure of a bone tissue, consisting of compact bone, spongy bone and bone marrow. Methods: An interesting approach is presented here for reproducing the structure of a bone tissue of a femur by 3D-printing porous structure. Through the process of CT segmentation, the distribution of bone density was analysed. In 3D-printing, the bone density was compared with the density of infill. Results: The zone of compact bone, the zone of spongy bone and the zone of bone marrow can be recognized in the 3D printed model by a porous density additive manufacturing method. Conclusions: The application of 3D-printing to reproduce a porous structure, such as that of a bone, makes it possible to obtain physical anatomical models that likely represent the internal structure of a bone tissue. This process is low cost and easily reproduced.

show abstract

3D Printed Models in Cardiovascular Disease: An Exciting Future to Deliver Personalized Medicine

Cited by 24 publications

References 101 publications

Clinical Applications of Mixed Reality and 3D Printing in Congenital Heart Disease

Clinical Applications of Mixed Reality and 3D Printing in Congenital Heart Disease

Patient-Specific 3D-Printed Low-Cost Models in Medical Education and Clinical Practice

3D-printing of porous structures for reproduction of a femoral bone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About