3D‐Printed PCL/rGO Conductive Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

Vijayavenkataraman, Sanjairaj; Thaharah, Siti; Zhang, Shuo; Lu, Wen Feng; Fuh, Jerry Ying Hsi

doi:10.1111/aor.13360

Cited by 84 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Though there are previous reports on electrospinning of conductive nanofibrous scaffolds (Prabhakaran et al, 2011; Sharma et al, 2012), they suffer from 2-fold limitation namely non-biodegradability and inability to control the scaffold morphology precisely. In this study, biodegradable PCL/PPy composites EHD-jetted into 3D porous NGCs (Vijayavenkataraman et al, 2019a,b). The effect of PPy-b-PCL concentration (0.5, 1, and 2%) on the mechanical properties of the NGCs are studied, with pure PCL scaffolds as the control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed PCL/PPy Conductive Scaffolds as Three-Dimensional Porous Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs) for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

Vijayavenkataraman

Kannan

Cao

et al. 2019

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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124

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Conductivity is a desirable property of an ideal nerve guide conduit (NGC) that is being considered for peripheral nerve regeneration. Most of the conductive polymers reported in use for fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds such as polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline, polythiophene, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) are non-biodegradable and possess weak mechanical properties to be fabricated into 3D structures. In this study, a biodegradable and conductive block copolymer of PPy and Polycaprolactone (PPy-b-PCL) was used to fabricate 3D porous NGCs using a novel electrohydrodynamic jet 3D printing process which offers superior control over fiber diameter, pore size, porosity, and fiber alignment. PCL/PPy scaffolds with three different concentrations of PPy-b-PCL (0.5, 1, and 2% v/v) were fabricated as a mesh (pore size 125 ± 15 μm) and the effect of incorporation of PPy-b-PCL on mechanical properties, biodegradability, and conductivity of the NGCs were studied. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds decreased with the addition of PPy-b-PCL which aided the ability to fabricate softer scaffolds that are closer to the properties of the native human peripheral nerve. With increasing concentrations of PPy-b-PCL, the scaffolds displayed a marked increase in conductivity (ranging from 0.28 to 1.15 mS/cm depending on concentration of PPy). Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural crest stem cells (hESC-NCSCs) were used to investigate the impact of PPy-b-PCL based conductive scaffolds on the growth and differentiation to peripheral neuronal cells. The hESC-NCSCs were able to attach and differentiate to peripheral neurons on PCL and PCL/PPy scaffolds, in particular the PCL/PPy (1% v/v) scaffolds supported higher growth of neural cells and a stronger maturation of hESC-NCSCs to peripheral neuronal cells. Overall, these results suggest that PPy-based conductive scaffolds have potential clinical value as cell-free or cell-laden NGCs for peripheral neuronal regeneration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed PCL/PPy Conductive Scaffolds as Three-Dimensional Porous Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs) for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

Vijayavenkataraman

Kannan

Cao

et al. 2019

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

Self Cite

124

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“…To demonstrate its potential for practical applications, it was tested for surgical situations like cutting and suturing as well as for microsurgical procedures such as nerve bundle wrapping. Vijayavenkataraman et al [ 79 ] fabricated a biomimetic polycaprolactone/rGO conductive scaffold by an e‐jet technique which provided the cells with a native tissue microenvironment. With the addition of rGO, the scaffold not only had the softness favorable for neural differentiation, but also became conductive thus increasing intercellular interactions by electrical signals.…”

Section: D Printed Graphene Structures For Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in 3D Printing of 2D Material‐Based Macrostructures

Yang

Zhou

Yang

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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2D materials have a range of unique properties and are promising building blocks for the fabrication of macroscopic materials for many applications ranging from flexible electronics to energy storage devices. The development of effective methods to fabricate 2D material‐based macroscopic materials with designed structures is the key to enabling high performance. Lately, 3D printing has emerged as a new technique to assemble such materials. Compared to conventional fabrication methods, 3D printing techniques have a high degree of customization of the structure with a broad range of domain sizes from nanometers to centimeters, and thereby give the resulting products additional structure‐related functionalities. Recent advances in the fabrication of 2D material‐based macrostructures using 3D printing techniques and their uses in different fields are reviewed. Challenges and opportunities for the future development of the topic are also discussed.

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“…Sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman et al of the National University of Singapore, Singapore investigated 3D‐printed polycaprolactone (PCL)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) conductive scaffolds for peripheral nerve injury repair. The addition of rGO results in softer scaffolds which is favorable for neural differentiation.…”

Section: Functional Electrical Stimulation and Neuromuscular Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Organs 2019: A year in review

Malchesky¹

2020

Artificial Organs

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In this Editor’s Review, articles published in 2019 are organized by category and summarized. These provide a brief reflection of the research and progress in artificial organs intended to advance and better human life while providing insight for continued application of these technologies and methods. Artificial Organs continues in the original mission of its founders “to foster communications in the field of artificial organs on an international level.” Artificial Organs continues to publish developments and clinical applications of artificial organ technologies in this broad and expanding field of organ Replacement, Recovery, and Regeneration from all over the world. Peer‐reviewed Special Issues this year included contributions from the 14th International Conference on Pediatric Mechanical Circulatory Support Systems and Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Perfusion edited by Dr Akif Undar, and the 26th Congress of the International Society for Mechanical Circulatory Support edited by Dr Minoru Ono and Dr Francesco Moscato. Additionally, important editorials highlighted the need for sustainability in hemodialysis, challenges and opportunities in mechanical circulatory support, progress in artificial pancreas development, historical perspectives on ventilators and dialysis, tissue engineering for cardiac support, and regional updates from India and China. Our Pioneer Series continues to highlight the many researchers who created this field of study. This year we debuted a new series entitled “Recent Progress in Artificial Organs” prepared by Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili and Elizabeth Maynes of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. This series highlights recent advances and new developments in the field. We take this time also to express our gratitude to our authors for contributing their work to this journal. We offer our very special thanks to our reviewers who give so generously of their time and expertise to review, critique, and especially provide meaningful suggestions to the author’s work. Without our dedicated expert reviewers, the quality expected from such a journal would not be possible. We also express our special thanks to our Publisher, John Wiley & Sons, for their expert attention and support in the production Artificial Organs. We look forward to reporting further advances in the coming years.

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3D‐Printed PCL/rGO Conductive Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

Cited by 84 publications

References 40 publications

3D-Printed PCL/PPy Conductive Scaffolds as Three-Dimensional Porous Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs) for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

3D-Printed PCL/PPy Conductive Scaffolds as Three-Dimensional Porous Nerve Guide Conduits (NGCs) for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

Recent Progress in 3D Printing of 2D Material‐Based Macrostructures

Artificial Organs 2019: A year in review

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