3D printing and intellectual property

Osborn, Lucas S.

doi:10.4337/9781784717766.00020

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Sample Literature Reference Product Liability and Safety [1], [5] Intellectual Property [1], [5], [17], [18], [19], [20] Data Privacy, Data Sharing and Contracts [5], [23], [24] Theft/Malicious Data Interference and Cyber-Security breach [21], [22], [24]…”

Section: Legal Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the technology was introduced there has been an increase in both economic and academic interest; for example, Ford [3] quotes an article from Wohlers in June 2013 which noted the number of articles published relating to AM rose from 1600 articles in 2011 to 16,000 in 2013. Osborn [5] comments that 3D printing was the "second fastest growing technology between 2013 and 2017 measured by published patent growth rate" and that revenues "enjoyed growth of 21% in 2017 [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Legal Considerations for Using Digital Twins in Additive Manufacture – A Review of the Literature

Clementson¹,

Teng²,

Wood³

et al. 2021

Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

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Rapid technological change presents new opportunities and reveals new risks, challenging existing governance arrangements. The fusion of Industry 4.0 technologies combines with Additive Manufacturing (AM) to create new business solutions. Legal issues with AM are well documented, for example Daly[1] explores the interaction of 3D printing with the law, identifying Intellectual Property, Product Liability and Data Privacy as areas of importance. However, this technology fusion has also enabled improved real-time digital representation, monitoring, simulation and control of the physical delivered through applications of Digital Twin. Such Digital Twins are prevalent in manufacturing and in AM can potentially provide assurance that a printed item meets specified requirements. However, additional legal considerations are emerging. This paper illustrates these by examining the attributes of “Digital Twins in Additive Manufacture Use Cases” revealed through literature.

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Section: Legal Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legal Considerations for Using Digital Twins in Additive Manufacture – A Review of the Literature

Clementson¹,

Teng²,

Wood³

et al. 2021

Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

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“…These networks could be cloud manufacturing networks or marketplaces in which open transactions occur between companies that require services and the companies that provide these services . The management of intellectual property rights will require process development, particularly when acquirers and suppliers may be individuals and not major enterprises . Digital files that are part of an acquisition should have rights management clauses as part of PBSAs that provide clarity of ownership if the supplier goes out of business.…”

Section: Iso/iec/ieee 15288:2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a systems engineering framework for additive manufacturing

Togwe

Tanju

Eveleigh

2018

Systems Engineering

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System engineering life cycles can be used by enterprises to make assessments that facilitate the effective insertion of technology into existing practices. The updated systems life cycle processes standard, ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015, is examined to assess additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing. AM's digital nature emerges as a major theme. AM's introduction into the aviation spare part supply chain is also explored using a project crashing illustration. The illustration showed that AM could be leveraged as a project crashing tool. In addition, the use of the ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 standard revealed network configurations that could be explored to broaden AM's use and obtain additional value, both of which could justify the use of AM. In this study, we suggest the multiple effects of AM on the systems engineering development life cycle.

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“…As PGS works, CAD files must contain originality and are only protectable to the extent that they are not useful articles. 320 These requirements limit protections for files created by scanning and perhaps files drawn manually if they lack originality. 321 It is possible that courts might construe all CAD files for utilitarian objects as useful articles because their primary purpose is utilitarianto instruct a printer how to make a useful object.…”

Section: Spillover Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…321 It is possible that courts might construe all CAD files for utilitarian objects as useful articles because their primary purpose is utilitarianto instruct a printer how to make a useful object. 322 While a detailed copyright analysis is beyond the scope of this Article, at least some CAD files will not be protectable by copyright and uncertainty exists as to many others. 323 Finally, even if a particular CAD file had copyright protection, that would not prevent another person from independently creating his own CAD file.…”

Section: Spillover Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%