3D-printing-assisted synthesis of paclitaxel-loaded niosomes functionalized by cross-linked gelatin/alginate composite: Large-scale synthesis and in-vitro anti-cancer evaluation

Composition, preparation methods, and applications of nanoniosomes as codelivery systems: a review of emerging therapies with emphasis on cancer

“…181 In advanced technologies, the prototyping method and nanotechnology have opened novel cancer cell treatment areas. 183 The emergence of the 3D-printing method has produced numerous updated possibilities for polymer hydrogel-based drug administration approaches, particularly for cancer therapy. 184,185 3D-printing prepares controllable and organized scaffolds with excessive precision, which might give rise to the prolonged and mediated release of various agents and molecules, such as proteins and different types of drugs in a possible and acceptable procedure.…”

“…However, niosome-containing samples, mostly Nio-PTX@GT-AL, have improved the activity of caspase considerably more than free-PTX. 183 Various parameters must be considered when designing an efficient dual delivery niosome system. The use of material combinations, such as surfactants, is necessary to translate the niosome formulation method.…”

“…186 Hosseini et al recently presented a novel DDS based on 3D-printed gelatin–alginate biodegradable scaffolds incorporating paclitaxel-loaded niosomes (Nio-PTX@GT-AL) for breast cancer therapy. 183 Due to the presence of alginate, the printed scaffolds are pH-sensitive DDSs for cancer treatment. According to the mechanical properties (tensile and compressive states) of Nio@GT-AL and Nio-PTX@GT-AL, the existence of drug-containing niosomes leads to a slight enhancement in modulus and strength in both the compressive and tensile states, which may lead to prolonged stability.…”

“…However, niosome-containing samples, mostly Nio-PTX@GT-AL, have improved the activity of caspase considerably more than free-PTX. 183…”

Medicarpin suppresses proliferation and triggeres apoptosis by upregulation of BID, BAX, CASP3, CASP8, and CYCS in glioblastoma

“…In recent years, the PTX drug delivery system combined with various new materials have become a new research hotspot. By means of the performance advantages of the material, these novel PTX drug delivery system not only significantly overcomes the shortcomings of PTX drugs such as poor water solubility, fast blood clearance and serious toxicity, but also significantly improves the efficacy and safety of PTX drugs in the treatment of cancer (Hosseini et al, 2023; Wei et al, 2022). For example, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) value of MCF‐7 cells treated with PTX (curcumin derivatives as carrier) for 96 h was 8.172 μg/mL, and the IC 50 value of MCF‐7 cells treated with PTX alone for 96 h was 12.66 μg/mL (Wei et al, 2022).…”