3D printing in steel construction with the automated Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Kühne, Ronny; Feldmann, Markus; Citarelli, Sandro; Reisgen, Uwe; Sharma, Rahul; Oster, Lukas

doi:10.1002/cepa.1103

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For example, Autodesk's Fusion 360 Generative Design is one of the most recent software applications of such new design processes. This type of exploratory design process offers the potential to more rapidly produce innovative architectural projects that are feasible within constrained budgets and with available resources [10].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Machine Learning Application Based on Giorgio Morandi Still-Life Paintings to Assist Artists in the Choice of 3D Compositions

2022

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We present a system built to generate arrangements of three-dimensional models for aesthetic evaluation, with the aim to support an artist in their creative process. We explore how this system can automatically generate aesthetically pleasing content for use in the media and design industry, based on standards originally developed in master artworks. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our process in the context of paintings using a collection of images inspired by the work of the artist Giorgio Morandi (Bologna, 1890 -- 1964). Finally, we compare the results of our system with the results of a well-known Generative Adversarial Network (GAN).

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Machine Learning Application Based on Giorgio Morandi Still-Life Paintings to Assist Artists in the Choice of 3D Compositions

2022

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“…Step" process developed by Fronius is used at the TU Darmstadt. In this process, the wire is mechanically retracted after the drop separation, allowing for the drop to have a defined shape and time to cool down [16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: As Experimental Setup the "Cmt Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

3D‐Printing with steel of a bolted connection

Erven¹,

Lange²,

Feucht³

2021

ce papers

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Additive Manufacturing seems promising for the steel construction industry, especially for small components with complex shapes. With Wire‐and‐Arc‐Additive‐Manufacturing (WAAM) a process was found which is fast and cheap compared to other Additive Manufacturing processes for metals. Furthermore, arc‐welding is well known in steel construction industry. Bolted head plates are a common connection. Although they are relatively easy to produce, they are uneconomical in load transfer due to straining of the plates which are subject to bending. This type of connection is predestined for Additive Manufacturing. Rethinking the structure by taking into account the potentials of Additive Manufacturing brings a clear advantage compared to the conventional production. Thus, with a material saving of 60 % the same load capacity of the original flat head plate can be achieved. The paper shows how the new production process WAAM can significantly change the shape of structures on the example of a bolted head plate. Therefore, all steps from the original design to the manufactured structure are demonstrated, including the structure finding by using topology optimization, the manufacturing with different parameters and a first testing of the manufactured structures.

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“…Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing WAAM has established itself as one of the main methods of welding process-based additive manufacturing. This includes all arc welding processes that use a wire-shaped filler metal, which allow a wide range of potential materials, e.g., steels [9][10][11], nickel-based [12], complex concentrated alloys [13] and many others to be manufactured. A wide-ranging overview of the research status of these processes to date is given in [1,14,15] and others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Microstructure Development under Cyclic Temperature Conditions during WAAM of Microalloyed Steels

Huang

Soliman

Treutler

et al. 2022

Metals

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This paper shed light on the kinetics of transformation and the developed microstructure during wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). Three microalloyed alloys, two of them are high strength low alloyed steel (HSLA) grades and the third is a Ni-Cr-Mo steel, from which the welding wires are being produced, were investigated. Repeated cycles around varied temperatures from a reheating temperature of 1350 °C and down to a temperature 35 °C below the Ae1 are applied using dilatometer on samples from the steels. After applying the cycles, the dilatometric-samples were investigated metallographically and their macro- and microhardness values were measured. It is shown that the WAAM using HSLA steels produce softer structure than the steel of the welding wire. Combined microalloying with Ti and Nb can present a useful strategy for producing finer structure in the WAAM components due to the effect of Ti in inhibiting the prior austenite grain-growth and that of Nb in refining the final structure. Additionally, repeated heating near Ae3 refines the prior austenite grains and produced fine ferrite-pearlite structure in case of HSLA steels and a microstructure predominated by the granular bainite in case of welding wire alloy. The former microstructure was the softest one for the case of HSLA steels, whereas the softest structure in case of the welding wire alloy was the tempered martensite structure developed by reheating below Ae1. Idealized temperature curves were chosen for the heat treatment, which could be characterized in a well-defined manner. In future work such idealized curves together with temperature histories obtained in WAAM-process will be used to set up a database to train an AI-model for predicting structure and material properties.

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3D printing in steel construction with the automated Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

A Machine Learning Application Based on Giorgio Morandi Still-Life Paintings to Assist Artists in the Choice of 3D Compositions

A Machine Learning Application Based on Giorgio Morandi Still-Life Paintings to Assist Artists in the Choice of 3D Compositions

3D‐Printing with steel of a bolted connection

On the Microstructure Development under Cyclic Temperature Conditions during WAAM of Microalloyed Steels

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