3D Printing Optical Engine for Controlling Material Microstructure

Huang, Wei-Chin; Chang, Kuang Po; Wu, Ping; Wu, Chih-Hsien; Lin, Chiahsin; Chuang, Chuan-Sheng; Lin, Ding‐Zheng; Liu, Sung-Ho; Horng, Ji-Bin; Tsau, Fang-Hei

doi:10.1016/j.phpro.2016.08.088

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Although by changing the laser parameters the grain size and orientation can be changed but some important process properties such as the highest temperature inside molten pool, the dimension of molten pool and even the molten pool mode (conductive and keyhole) can be also changed. In this condition, some problems such as discontinues melt track, formation of defect and pores are happening 27 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) from Taiwan has many attempts since 2014 to develop different methods to overcome these limitations during laser processing and find better ways to control the micro structure of metals during laser processing 27 28 . This work is also extracted from these efforts which focuses on the investigation of the grain structural evolution of Ti6Al4V after laser incidence.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Determination and controlling of grain structure of metals after laser incidence: Theoretical approach

Dezfoli

Hwang

Huang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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There are serious questions about the grain structure of metals after laser melting and the ways that it can be controlled. In this regard, the current paper explains the grain structure of metals after laser melting using a new model based on combination of 3D finite element (FE) and cellular automaton (CA) models validated by experimental observation. Competitive grain growth, relation between heat flows and grain orientation and the effect of laser scanning speed on final micro structure are discussed with details. Grains structure after laser melting is founded to be columnar with a tilt angle toward the direction of the laser movement. Furthermore, this investigation shows that the grain orientation is a function of conduction heat flux at molten pool boundary. Moreover, using the secondary laser heat source (SLHS) as a new approach to control the grain structure during the laser melting is presented. The results proved that the grain structure can be controlled and improved significantly using SLHS. Using SLHS, the grain orientation and uniformity can be change easily. In fact, this method can help us to produce materials with different local mechanical properties during laser processing according to their application requirements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination and controlling of grain structure of metals after laser incidence: Theoretical approach

Dezfoli

Hwang

Huang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…A double-nozzle FDM printer for PLA and CFRTPC printing was designed and built in our laboratory [ 2 ]. The platform consisted of a receiving platform, X-Y-Z motion mechanism plus two rotation axes, and a double nozzle, as shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Experimental Platform and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three-dimensional printing (3DP), also called additive manufacturing (AM), plays a key role in high-tech areas such as bioengineering [ 1 ] and aerospace [ 2 ] and is increasingly gaining attention. One of the most popular and widely used AM processes is fused deposition modeling (FDM) [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Printing Method of Polymer and Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites (CFRTPCs) for Pipes through Double-Nozzle Five-Axis Printer

Zhang

Lei

et al. 2022

Polymers

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The most widely used 3D process, fused deposition modeling (FDM), has insufficient interlayer adhesion due to its layer-by-layer forming method. A support material is also essential for the hollow parts and cantilevers. Moreover, the polymer materials used have limited mechanical properties. These issues have restricted the application of FDM in high-performance fields. Continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTPCs) have high mechanical properties and have recently become the focus of research in the field of 3D printing. This paper, using pipe parts as an example, proposes a hybrid of pure polymer (pure PLA used) and CFRTPC (flax fiber pre-impregnated filament) material to develop a printing method based on the outstanding mechanical properties of CFRTPC material. After studying the printing path planning algorithm, the CFRTPC filament is laid along the axial and radial directions on the surface of the polymer base to improve the printed parts’ properties. The method feasibility and algorithm accuracy are verified through the development of five-axis printing equipment with a double nozzle. Through the printed sample’s tensile, compression and bending tests, the results show that the tensile, compressive and bending properties of PLA pipe can be significantly enhanced by laying CFRTPC filament along the axial and radial directions of the pipe. To summarize, the introduction of CFRTPCs greatly improved the mechanical properties of the printed parts, and the implementation of our method provides an effective way to solve the defects of the FDM process.

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“…3D printing technology, also called rapid prototyping or additive manufacturing, has been rapidly developed and widely used in various fields [1], such as electronics [2], energy devices [3], medicines [4], biotechnology [5], optics [6], structural industry [7], automobile and aerospace applications [8] and etc. The process of 3D printing is based on layer-by-layer fabrication from an arbitrary geometric model to a real object.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Fused Deposition Modeling Using Five-Axis Machine and Printing Methods

Zhang

zhao

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of most widely used 3D printing technologies due to inexpensive equipment and materials, and easy to operate. FDM forms a 3D geometry by slicing a model along the XY-plane and assembling the resulting individual layers along the Z-axis, with extruded thermoplastic filaments. FDM printed parts usually need supporting structures, have stair step effect, and unfavorable mechanical properties. In order to address these deficiencies, a five-axis 3D printer and corresponding printing methods are proposed and developed in this paper. The 3D printer was designed five degrees of freedom through adding a platform that can rotate and swing. Based on the obtained results from different case studies, the discussed machine and methods could become more significant in industrial applications such as low cost, fabricating parts with better surface quality and lightweight structures.

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3D Printing Optical Engine for Controlling Material Microstructure

Cited by 20 publications

References 4 publications

Determination and controlling of grain structure of metals after laser incidence: Theoretical approach

Determination and controlling of grain structure of metals after laser incidence: Theoretical approach

Hybrid Printing Method of Polymer and Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites (CFRTPCs) for Pipes through Double-Nozzle Five-Axis Printer

Development of Fused Deposition Modeling Using Five-Axis Machine and Printing Methods

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