3D Reverse-Time Migration Imaging for Multiple Cross-Hole Research and Multiple Sensor Settings of Cross-Hole Seismic Exploration

Abstract

The two-dimensional (2D) cross-hole seismic computed tomography (CT) imaging acquisition method has the potential to characterize the target zone optimally compared to surface seismic surveys. It has wide applications in oil and gas exploration, engineering geology, etc. Limited to 2D hole velocity profiling, this method cannot acquire three-dimensional (3D) information on lateral geological structures outside the profile. Additionally, the sensor data received by cross-hole seismic exploration constitute responses from geological bodies in 3D space and are potentially affected by objects outside the well profiles, distorting the imaging results and geological interpretation. This paper proposes a 3D cross-hole acoustic wave reverse-time migration imaging method to capture 3D cross-hole geological structures using sensor settings in multi-cross-hole seismic research. Based on the analysis of resulting 3D cross-hole images under varying sensor settings, optimizing the observation system can aid in the cost-efficient obtainment of the 3D underground structure distribution. To verify this method’s effectiveness on 3D cross-hole structure imaging, numerical simulations were conducted on four typical geological models regarding layers, local high-velocity zones, large dip angles, and faults. The results verify the model’s superiority in providing more reliable and accurate 3D geological information for cross-hole seismic exploration, presenting a theoretical basis for processing and interpreting cross-hole data.

Application of seismic methods for determining the depth of the rock mass damage zone around the excavation profile by blasting

“…Tests of the rock massif were carried out using seismic methods, namely shallow refraction seismic and seismic crosshole tomography as a non-destructive method [7], and based on the value of the speed of propagation of P and S waves, the wear, fracture and width of the crack systems of the rock massif were measured. Due to its practicality, the crosshole tomography method has been widely used in many economic branches, including tunnel construction [8]. The tests were carried out in two phases:…”

An Application of 3D Cross-Well Elastic Reverse Time Migration Imaging Based on the Multi-Wave and Multi-Component Technique in Coastal Engineering Exploration

“…As a result, the utilization rate of spatial well locations remain relatively low. Furthermore, the 2D cross-well CT imaging technique can only provide information on the geological structure of the profile between the two wells, failing to capture the lateral structure information of the profile [27]. As a result, the imaging provides poor lateral continuity, hindering the evaluation of 3D geological structures.…”