3D Stress Analysis of Multilayered Functionally Graded Plates and Shells under Moisture Conditions

Brischetto, Salvatore; Torre, Roberto

doi:10.3390/app12010512

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…3,4 However, due to the fact, that, 70% of the earth's crust is covered with water, the physical nature of composite materials (especially the polymeric and natural composites 5 ) is making them highly susceptible to damage by water (i.e., hygral loading). [6][7][8][9] Moreover, the thermally induced mechanical load can have a significant impact on the performance of composite materials. When composite materials are exposed to temperature changes, the different layers and fibers within the material expand and contract at different rates, causing stresses to develop within the material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, porous structures are gaining popularity to their high performance and low weight, therefore; designing porous structures of composite materials will achieve phenomenal light‐weighting with maintaining high performance 3,4 . However, due to the fact, that, 70% of the earth's crust is covered with water, the physical nature of composite materials (especially the polymeric and natural composites 5 ) is making them highly susceptible to damage by water (i.e., hygral loading) 6–9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On concurrent multiscale topology optimization for porous structures under hygro‐thermo‐elastic multiphysics with considering evaporation

Ali

Shimoda

2023

Numerical Meth Engineering

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Lightweight polymeric and natural composite materials are extensively used in modern structures, especially with the demands for environmentally friendly products as well as lowering energy consumption. Furthermore, a high performance‐to‐weight ratio can be attained by utilizing porous composites. However, hygral and thermally induced loads are limiting the robustness of polymeric and natural composite materials, therefore; in this research, concurrent multiscale multiphysics topology optimization is used to design lightweight porous composite structures that have resilience toward mechanical as well as hygral and thermal loads. By establishing two independent representations of the design problem, that is, macro and microscale domains, a concurrent topology optimization framework is implemented, and the effective properties of the microscale (i.e., elastic, thermal conductivity, moisture diffusivity tensors, and hygral as well as thermal expansion coefficients) are calculated and used as the hygro‐thermo‐elastic properties of the macroscale using in‐house MATLAB codes. For hygral physics, moisture transport, as well as evaporation, are simultaneously considered in this study. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on the multiphysics concurrent optimization scheme in order to account for the coupling of macro and microstructure, as well as hygro‐thermo‐elastic physics. Multiple numerical cases were examined, which included different loading and boundary conditions, as well as various spatial configurations. The results showed attaining a high stiffness‐to‐weight ratio for the multiscale optimized porous structure compared to the single‐scale solid structure. Furthermore, a study was conducted on multiple microstructure subsystems to examine the impact of microstructure systems on macrostructure dependence. By combining several microstructures into a single macro design domain, design flexibility was enhanced and the performance‐to‐weight ratio was improved. The study was expanded to include the evaluation of hygro‐thermo‐elastic multiscale multiphysics with an evaporation problem, which was demonstrated through several numerical examples. The introduced formulations showed a successful application of the concurrent multiscale optimization formulations and good coupling on the macro and microscale. Also, the formulations demonstrated a strong influence between the macro and the microscale of the design problem for the topology optimization methods. The successful application of the concurrent multiscale optimization method in this research highlights its potential for designing more efficient and effective structures in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On concurrent multiscale topology optimization for porous structures under hygro‐thermo‐elastic multiphysics with considering evaporation

Ali

Shimoda

2023

Numerical Meth Engineering

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“…The moisture conditions were externally defined in an uncoupled way at the outer surfaces and evaluated in the thickness direction following three different procedures. The same authors presented in [22] the same model for the hygrometric loading effects analysis of single-layered and multilayered composite plates and shells embedding FGM layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can be used as benchmarks for the development and testing of new 3D, 2D, and 1D numerical models for the hygro-elastic stress analysis of composite and sandwich structures. The main novelty with respect to the 3D uncoupled hygro-elastic shell model proposed in [21,22] is the full coupling between the displacement field and the hygroscopic field. Therefore, the moisture content profile is now directly obtained from the system solution and not "a priori" separately calculated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hygro-Elastic Coupling in a 3D Exact Shell Model for Bending Analysis of Layered Composite Structures

Brischetto

Cesare

2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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In this work, a 3D fully coupled hygro-elastic model is proposed. The moisture content profile is a primary variable of the model’s displacements. This generic fully coupled 3D exact shell model allows the investigations into the consequences arising from moisture content and elastic fields in terms of stresses and deformations on different plate and shell configurations embedded in composite and laminated layers. Cylinders, plates, cylindrical and spherical shells are analyzed in the orthogonal mixed curvilinear reference system. The 3D equilibrium equations and the 3D Fick diffusion equation for spherical shells are fully coupled in a dedicated system. The main advantage of the orthogonal mixed curvilinear coordinates is related to the degeneration of the equations for spherical shells to simpler geometries thanks to basic considerations of the radii of curvature. The exponential matrix method is used to solve this fully coupled model based on partial differential equations in the thickness direction. The closed-form solution is related to simply supported sides and harmonic forms for displacements and the moisture content. The moisture content amplitudes are directly applied at the top and bottom outer faces through steady-state hypotheses. The final system is based on a set of coupled homogeneous second-order differential equations. A first-order differential equation system is obtained by redoubling the number of variables. The moisture field implications are evaluated for the static analysis of the plates and shells in terms of displacement and stress components. After preliminary validations, new benchmarks are proposed for several thickness ratios, geometrical and material data, lamination sequences and moisture values imposed at the external surfaces. In the proposed results, there is clearly accordance between the uncoupled hygro-elastic model (where the 3D Fick diffusion law is separately solved) and this new fully coupled hygro-elastic model: the differences between the investigated variables (displacements, moisture contents, stresses and strains) are always less than 0.3%. The main advantages of the 3D coupled hygro-elastic model are a more compact mathematical formulation and lower computational costs. Both effects connected with the thickness layer and the embedded materials are included in the conducted hygro-elastic analyses.

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“…DQM was used by Wang et al [6] to obtain the nonlinear bending response of a FG graphene-platelet-reinforced (FG-GPLR) composite plate, considering the dielectric properties within the framework of FSDT and von Karman strain relations. Brischetto and Torre [7] proposed an innovative method based on a three-dimensional (3D) deformation field to analyze the bending response of FG plates and various types of shells subjected to moisture load. It should be noted that FG materials can be classified into various types due to the function considered for defining the distribution of the material's properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Thermoelasticity Analysis of Viscoelastic FGM Plate Embedded in Piezoelectric Layers under Thermal Load

2022

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Due to the high importance of viscoelastic materials in modern industrial applications, besides the intensive popularity of piezoelectric smart structures, analyzing their thermoelastic response in extreme temperature conditions inevitably becomes very important. Accordingly, this research explores the thermoviscoelastic response of sandwich plates made of a functionally-graded Boltzmann viscoelastic core and two surrounding piezoelectric face-layers subjected to electrothermal load in the platform of three-dimensional elasticity theory. The relaxation modulus of the FG viscoelastic layer across the thickness follows the power law model. the plate’s governing equations are expressed in the Laplace domain to handle mathematical complications corresponding to the sandwich plate with a viscoelastic core. Then, the state-space method, combined with Fourier expansion, is utilized to extract the plate response precisely. Finally, the obtained solution is converted to the time domain using the inverse Laplace technique. Verification of the present formulation is compared with those reported in the published papers. Finally, the influences of plate dimension, temperature gradient, and relaxation time constant on the bending response of the above-mentioned sandwich plate are examined. As an interesting finding, it is revealed that increasing the length-to-thickness ratio leads to a decrease in deflections and an increase in stresses.

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3D Stress Analysis of Multilayered Functionally Graded Plates and Shells under Moisture Conditions

Cited by 8 publications

References 72 publications

On concurrent multiscale topology optimization for porous structures under hygro‐thermo‐elastic multiphysics with considering evaporation

On concurrent multiscale topology optimization for porous structures under hygro‐thermo‐elastic multiphysics with considering evaporation

Hygro-Elastic Coupling in a 3D Exact Shell Model for Bending Analysis of Layered Composite Structures

Three-Dimensional Thermoelasticity Analysis of Viscoelastic FGM Plate Embedded in Piezoelectric Layers under Thermal Load

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