3D Virtual System Trough 3 Space Mocap Sensors for Lower Limb Rehabilitation

Technical aspects of virtual augmented reality-based rehabilitation systems for musculoskeletal disorders of the lower limbs: a systematic review

“…The system designed in this paper offers significant potential benefits in rehabilitation but remains to be properly explored Ankle injury People: 5 Six types of ankle joint movements EMG MPU6050 HMC5883 -C + + language This paper proposes a rehabilitation assessment method based on the multi-index fusion of kinematics and EMG signals. The method includes three indexes: root means square of EMG, joint activity, and joint smoothness + + -RMS -Joint activity -Joint smoothness 10 Pruna et al [ 40 ]/ 2017 The 3D virtual system is presented for the rehabilitation of lower limbs also, and two games are designed to allow flexion, extension, and strengthening movements They show that the systems have a good acceptance for rehabilitation Knee osteoarthritis People: 4 Age: 61–78 Allow the execution of flexion and extension movements as well as knee strengthening -3 Space Mocap Sensors -YEI 3-Space Mocap movement capture devices - 6 sensors (3 for the left leg and 3 for the right leg) -Unity 3D -Scripts were developed for the system design NM NM + SEQ usability test 11 a Tannous et al [ 41 , 42 ]/ 2015–2016 This paper presents the feasibility of using a serious new game system to improve lower limb musculoskeletal rehabilitation According to the results, the squat was the most difficult challenge. In addition, any functional rehabilitation exercise’s performance depends on each participant’s physiological characteristics The game showed useful functions for various programs (home rehabilitation and exercise) Rehabilitation for the lower limbs People: 10 Mean age:24.2 ± 3.79 years -Easy category: hip adduction/abduction and straight jump exercises -Medium category: hamstring curls, the high knees and one-leg stance exercises, standing exercises -Hard category: Squat exercises Kinect -Microsoft XNA Game Studio (Washington, USA) -Visual Studio.Net with C# Based on the position and direction of a particular joint, an angle can be calculated to stimulate the 3D avatar model.…”

“…Three studies did not use the above input tools [ 40 , 47 , 48 ]. Pruna et al [ 40 ] implemented a 3D virtual lower limb rehabilitation system using three space mocap sensors.…”

“…Three studies did not use the above input tools [ 40 , 47 , 48 ]. Pruna et al [ 40 ] implemented a 3D virtual lower limb rehabilitation system using three space mocap sensors. Gonzalez-Franco et al [ 47 ] used an accelerometer to empower patients in physiotherapy at home.…”

“…The usability of rehabilitation systems was assessed in 8 studies (40%) using a usability questionnaire. The results of these studies showed an acceptable level of usability [ 12 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 43 , 47 , 53 ]. Two studies used the system usability scale (SUS) questionnaire[ 38 , 43 ], and one applied the single ease question (SEQ) test to record the user comments [ 40 ].…”

“…Feng et al [ 39 ] ✘ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✘ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✘ ✘ ✓ ✘ - ✓ ✓ ✓ ✘ ✘ 10. Pruna et al [ 40 ] ✘ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✘ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✘ ✓ ✓ ✘ - ✓ ✓ ✓ ✘ ✘ 11. Tannous et al [ 41 , 42 ] ✓ ✓ ✓ ✘ ✘ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✘ ✘ ✓ ✘ - ✓ ✓ ✓ ✘ ✘ 12.…”