3ε–A Versatile Operando Analytics Toolbox in Energy Storage

Rangarajan, Sobana P.; Sarkar, Susmita; Barsukov, Yevgen; Mukherjee, Partha P.

doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c05494

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[ 31 ] Special battery cells with a lithium reference electrode enable the NE voltage measurement, which was used to detect and quantify lithium‐plating. [ 32,33 ] Such cells were also used to determine fast charging strategies that prevent lithium‐plating. [ 18,34,35 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[31] Special battery cells with a lithium reference electrode enable the NE voltage measurement, which was used to detect and quantify lithium-plating. [32,33] Such cells were also used to determine fast charging strategies that prevent lithium-plating. [18,34,35] In this study, we investigate the performance of five different formation strategies resulting to formation times between several days and a few hours.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fast Charging Formation of Lithium‐Ion Batteries Based on Real‐Time Negative Electrode Voltage Control

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In lithium-ion battery production, the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is one of the longest process steps. [1] The formation process needs to be better understood and significantly shortened to produce cheaper batteries. [2] The electrolyte reduction during the first charging forms the SEI at the negative electrodes. [3,4] Besides that, a SEI is also formed at the positive electrode (PE-SEI) during the first cycles. [5,6] Especially, the SEI has a substantial impact on the battery's performance and aging by limiting further reductive decomposition of the electrolyte. [7] The SEI material compositions and electrochemical properties have been reviewed extensively. [7][8][9][10] State-of-the-art formation procedures in the industry last up to multiple days [1] and consist of several charge and discharge cycles. [11] Long periods at high state of charges (SOCs) increase the reduction rate at the negative electrode (NE) and the oxidation rate at the positive electrode (PE) that lead to the formation of the SEI and PE-SEI, respectively. [12] Higher SOCs lead to lower NE potentials which exponentially increase the SEI growth rate whereas increased C-rates have a linear relation. [13] Similar results for accelerated SEI growth at low NE potentials were simulated by a model based on differential voltage analysis. [14] Formation strategies with multiple subcycles at high SOCs are recommended in the literature as it was found to guarantee stable surface layer properties that resulted in good cell performance while ensuring shorter formation times, e.g., 21, [15] 14, [1] and 13 h. [16] Increased ambient temperatures and external pressure enabled a formation time about 3 h. [17] Variable fast charging current rates based on an electrode equivalent circuit model even resulted in a formation time below 1 h without negative impacts on cell performance compared to longer reference formations. [18] However, comparing formation times between different cell configurations is complicated, as different materials (e.g., electrolyte or active material) or properties (e.g., coating thickness or porosity) influence the maximum applicable current. [19] Charging currents that lead to negative NE potentials may form lithium-plating on the NE's surface [20][21][22] as lithium ions react to metallic lithium depositions instead of intercalating into the NE. [23,24] In general, lithium-plating is an undesired sidereaction which comes along with capacity loss and may result in an internal short circuit due to dendrite formation. [25][26][27] Just a part of the plated lithium is reversible and reacts back to lithium ions during discharging, which is called lithiumstripping. [28] Irreversible lithium-plating can be proved by cell disassembly and optical investigation of the NE. Therefore, it is recommended to discharge the cell to 0% SOC followed by a

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Charging Formation of Lithium‐Ion Batteries Based on Real‐Time Negative Electrode Voltage Control

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is then possible to monitor how each electrode contributes to the overall impedance of the battery. 18 A number of three-electrode studies have successfully identified the rate-limiting electrode/process inside different Li-ion batteries. 16,19,20 Several three-terminal setups are reported in the literature, including modified commercial cells, 21 as well as novel in-house designs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Three-Terminal Impedance Spectroscopy to Characterize Sodium-Ion Batteries at Various Stages of Cycle Life

Middlemiss,

Rennie,

Sayers

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of three-terminal measurements to separate different impedance components of a prototype sodium-ion battery is proposed. By incorporation of a sodium metal reference electrode, the two electrode-electrolyte interfaces can be measured separately and changes monitored at various stages of battery cycle life. The impedance of a freshly-constructed cell is dominated by the blocking capacitance of the anode-electrolyte interface and the charge-transfer resistance at the cathode-electrolyte interface. The variation of these components during charge and discharge cycling provides a method to monitor degradation in cell performance.

show abstract

Durable Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Simulations with an Electrode Equivalent Circuit Model

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fast charging of lithium-ion batteries is often related to accelerated cell degradation due to lithium-plating on the negative electrode. In this contribution, an advanced electrode equivalent circuit model is used in order to simulate fast-charging strategies without lithium-plating. A novel parameterization approach based on 3-electrode cell measurements is developed, which enables precise simulation fidelity. An optimized fast-charging strategy without evoking lithium-plating was simulated that lasted about 29 min for a 0–80% state of charge. This variable current strategy was compared in experiments to a conventional constant-current–constant-voltage fast-charging strategy that lasted 20 min. The experiments showed that the optimized strategy prevented lithium-plating and led to a 2% capacity fade every 100 fast-charging cycles. In contrast, the conventional strategy led to lithium-plating, about 20% capacity fade after 100 fast-charging cycles and the fast-charging duration extended from 20 min to over 30 min due to increased cell resistances. The duration of the optimized fast charging was constant at 29 min, even after 300 cycles. The developed methods are suitable to be applied for any given lithium-ion battery configuration in order to determine the maximum fast-charging capability while ensuring safe and durable cycling conditions.

show abstract

3ε–A Versatile Operando Analytics Toolbox in Energy Storage

Cited by 3 publications

References 56 publications

Fast Charging Formation of Lithium‐Ion Batteries Based on Real‐Time Negative Electrode Voltage Control

Fast Charging Formation of Lithium‐Ion Batteries Based on Real‐Time Negative Electrode Voltage Control

Use of Three-Terminal Impedance Spectroscopy to Characterize Sodium-Ion Batteries at Various Stages of Cycle Life

Durable Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Simulations with an Electrode Equivalent Circuit Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About