4×4 Butler Matrix Beam Forming Network using Novel Reduced Size Branchline Coupler

Kwang, T. K Gary; Gardner, P.

doi:10.1109/euma.2001.339049

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The 90 • length is reduced by 50% to 45 • length; the equivalent conditions at the centre frequency are given by Eqs. (1), (2), and (3). Note that, the length of stubs θ b and θ c are set to 20 • .…”

Section: Open Circuit Stub (8 Stubs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, after applying the above equation to 4 × 4 Butler Matrix, the phase differences are ± 45 • and ± 135 • for outputs from Port 1 and Port 4, and Port 2 and Port 3, respectively. Figure 3 shows the topology and routing of signal paths of 4 × 4 Butler Matrix [3,20], which consists of branch-line coupler, crossover, and phase shifter. The phase shift at the output ports can be determined by summing up all the phase shifts of signal paths.…”

Section: Designing the Butler Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Butler Matrix is a beam forming network [3] that uses a combination of 90 • hybrids and phase shifters. It performs a spatial Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) which can provide 2 n orthogonal beams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is important to get the best performance for both the phase shifters in order to generate good results for 4 × 4 Butler Matrix. The transmission line for both phase shifters is adjusted until the phase difference between Port (6,5) and Port(3,1) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beam Forming Networks Using Reduced Size Butler Matrix

Muhammad

Rahim

Jizat

et al. 2010

Wireless Pers Commun

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Recent trend shows that the reduced size couplers are becoming potential building blocks and have created a continuing demand for the growing wireless communications market. Therefore, this paper presents a new design and realization for reducing the size of the branch-line coupler using eight two-step stubs that operates at 2.45 GHz. In this study, the reduced size branch-line coupler has been implemented on a 4 × 4 Butler Matrix, which generally consists of branch-line coupler, crossover, and phase shifter. The simulation results are obtained by using the advanced design system (ADS) in terms of S-Parameter analysis and the phase difference between the ports. Moreover, this design is realized on a low-cost substrate, e.g., flame resistance board (FR4 Board). The obtained results show that the proposed design has reduced the electrical length of transmission line up to 50% and consequently, the area of the branch-line coupler has been reduced up to 30% from the normal size.

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Section: Open Circuit Stub (8 Stubs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Designing the Butler Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beam Forming Networks Using Reduced Size Butler Matrix

Muhammad

Rahim

Jizat

et al. 2010

Wireless Pers Commun

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“…Branch line couplers and power dividers are a few of the main components used to design a wireless transceiver. For example, the BLC plays a vital role in designing beamforming network/antenna array/Butler Matrix [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Many structures and design methods were proposed to make these components dual/multiband such as T-shaped TL [11], PIshaped TL [12][13][14], PI-shaped TL structure with resonator [15], two-section TL [16], extended port [17], metamaterial [18,19], composite right left-handed material [20], PI-shaped TL with impedance buffering technique [21] and coupled lines [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Equal Power Quadrature Branch Line Coupler for Dual-Band Applications

Zaidi¹,

Imam²,

Kanaujia³

et al. 2018

PIER Letters

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Abstract-We present a new equal power quadrature branch line coupler (BLC) for dual-band applications in this paper. A new topology of the dual-band quarter wavelength transmission lines (TL) with the derivation of design equations is also introduced. The proposed BLC is designed using Advanced Design System (ADS) and fabricated on Rogers 5870 at 0.9 GHz and 2.4 GHz center frequencies. The design approach for the proposed dual-band BLC is endorsed by the simulated and measured results. A comparative analysis of this BLC with the previous BLCs is also carried out.

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Synthesis of novel 8 × 8 beam‐forming network for broadband multibeam antenna array

Fanyaev

Faniayeu

2021

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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Synthesis of a novel 8 × 8 beam‐forming network (BFN) for broadband multi‐beam antenna arrays in the X‐band has been proposed. The synthesized BFN has 6 less path crossings than a classic Butler matrix. The BFN design is realized using basic elements such as slot‐line transition and magic‐Ts. A numerical simulation for the analysis of the frequency characteristics of the proposed BFN is carried out. In addition, we offer a design of an eight‐channel multibeam antenna array consisting of the synthesized BFN and Vivaldi antennas. Eight spatial beams cover approximately 120° in the azimuth plane with a peak gain of 12 dB in the range of 8.3–11.7 GHz. The proposed broadband multibeam antenna array has good performance, compactness, and ease of fabrication that would be an attractive candidate for radar, satellite communication, and wireless computer networks.

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4×4 Butler Matrix Beam Forming Network using Novel Reduced Size Branchline Coupler

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Beam Forming Networks Using Reduced Size Butler Matrix

Beam Forming Networks Using Reduced Size Butler Matrix

A New Equal Power Quadrature Branch Line Coupler for Dual-Band Applications

Synthesis of novel 8 × 8 beam‐forming network for broadband multibeam antenna array

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