4,8-dicarboxyl-8,9-iridoid-1-glycoside Promotes Neural Stem Cell Differentiation Through MeCP2

Abstract

Background Borojó (Borojoa patinoi Cuatrec) fruit has recently been shown to have a variety of health benefit, but the mechanisms have been little studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4,8-dicarboxyl-8,9-iridoid-1-glycoside (388) on proliferation and differentiation of embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs). Methods NSCs were treated with 388 and stem cell differentiation was determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. The role of MeCP2 in 388-mediated embryonic NSCs differentiation was examined. Results The results showed that in the presence of mitogen when NSCs proliferated and maintained their multipotency, treatment with 388 did not affect the viability of NSCs. Following mitogen withdrawal to initiate NSC differentiation, treatment with 388 at the doses of 10 and 50 μg/mL significantly increased neural differentiation in both cortex and spinal cord-derived culture. 388 also significantly up-regulated MeCP2 expression. The expression of the neuronal and oligodendrocytic markers was enhanced after addition of 388 in the differentiation culture. However, knockdown of MeCP2 results in inhibition of NSC differentiation, and the pro-differentiation effect of 388 was mostly abolished. Conclusions This study confirmed that 388 stimulates differentiation of NSCs and identifies its mechanism of action by upregulating MeCP2.

4,8-Dicarboxyl-8,9-iridoid-1-glycoside inhibits apoptosis in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes via enhanced c-MYC-mediated cholesterol metabolism in vitro

“…Our previous study confirmed that the concentration of BIG ranging from 0 to 500 µg/ml had no effect on cell activity [ 22 ]; moreover, BIG inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis and autophagy in OA in a concentration-dependent manner ranging from 0 to 400 µg/ml, so we chose a concentration of BIG of 400 µg/ml. Coculture of chondrocytes with 400 μg/ml BIG resulted in a gradual increase in the chondrocyte concentration in the BIG group (Fig.…”

“…Referring to our previous methods for extraction and isolation of BIG [ 22 ], in brief, borojoa fruit pulp was heated to 70 °C, and the main active substance of borojoa, BIG, was extracted by fractionation at an ultraviolet 254-nm absorption peak. The structures of the active extracts were analysed and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy.…”

Five Underutilized Ecuadorian Fruits and Their Bioactive Potential as Functional Foods and in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review

“…The aqueous extract of the peel and pulp of A. patinoi exhibits cytotoxic activity against WKD and Caco-2 colon cancer cell lines, and iridoids from its extracts exhibit antiproliferative effect [ 53 , 91 ].…”