4 Fungal Toxins of Agricultural Importance

Johnson, Richard D.; Akagi, Yasunori; Fleetwood, Damien J.; Gardiner, Donald M.; Kodama, Motoichiro; Young, Carolyn; Voisey, Christine R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-36821-9_4

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Alternatively they break down the cuticle of insects [31] as well as inhibit phytopathogenic fungi by destroying their cell wall integrity [42]. The fungi produced a wide range of secondary metabolites that can contribute positively in an agricultural context against several pests [43]. Among them the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory molecules could be applied in agriculture to control insects and other arthropod pests [44], by acting against their nervous systems [45] and increasing their acetylcholine level which induces a repetitive activity of the neurons leading to the death of the insect [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anti-acetylcholinesterase, insecticidal and antifungal activities of the entophytic fungus Trichoderma sp. isolated from Ricinus communis L. against Locusta migratoria L. and Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr.

Laib

Benzara

Akkal

et al. 2020

Acta Scientifica Naturalis

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This study was conducted to evaluate anti-acetylcholinesterase and insecticidal and antifungal activities of the endophytic fungus Trichoderma sp, isolated from Ricinus communis L. leaves, against Locusta migratoria L. and Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr.. To evaluate the insecticidal and antifungal activities, different concentrations of the fungal extract were applied against L. migratoria (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 g/l) and against B. cinerea (1, 2, 3 g/l). It was found that the mortality of the targeted insects was positively proportional to fungal extract concentration and time after exposure (24, 48, 72 hours). The concentration 0.4 g/l appeared to be the most effective after 72 hours with mortality rate of 56.52%. Regarding antifungal activity, the concentration 3 g/l was the most effective against B. cinerea after 7 days, with an inhibition rate of 92.06% (excellent antifungal activity). Moreover, it was found that at 4 ug/ml the fungal extract had a maximum inhibitory capacity of Ache of 80% for acetylcholenesterase. Preliminary phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and saponins. In addition the colony of this endophytic fungus produced chitinases and proteases, which explained its important antifungal and insecticidal activities.

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