4‐Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibitors in Combination with Safeners: Solutions for Modern and Sustainable Agriculture

Abstract

Inhibitors of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) prevent plant carotenoid pigment formation, which in turn leads to chlorophyll degradation. This "bleaching" herbicide mode of action provides weed-control products for various crops, such as rice, corn, and cereals. Combinations with suitable safeners allow the full exploitation of the potential of this compound class to selectively control major weed problems, including rapidly increasing cases of resistance against other important herbicide classes.

Design, synthesis and herbicidal activity of novel quinazoline-2,4-diones as 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors

“…In plants, HGA is an important precursor for the biosynthesis of tocopherol and plastoquinone, which is crucial for the normal growth of plants. When HPPD is inhibited, the plant will be severely damaged by sunlight, becoming bleached and eventually undergoing necrosis and death; hence, HPPD inhibitors are termed bleaching herbicides . Design and synthesis of novel HPPD inhibitors are among the most active research areas in herbicide research.…”

3D Pharmacophore-based Virtual Screening, Docking Approaches toward the Discovery of Novel HPPD Inhibitors

“…Several of them are currently used as selective broad leaf herbicides including triketones, pyrazoles, isoxazoles, diketone nitriles and benzophenones over the last two decades. [15,16]. The triketone herbicides have spurred a variety of commercialized HPPD inhibitors through chemical modification, such as 2 of 14 sulcotrione, mesotrione and benzobicylon [17][18][19].…”

“…[15,16]. The triketone herbicides have spurred a variety of commercialized HPPD inhibitors through chemical modification, such as 2 of 14 sulcotrione, mesotrione and benzobicylon [17][18][19]. But the main problem associated with the use of herbicides is the occurrence of herbicide resistant weeds.…”

A quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method for the simultaneous detection of four triazolone herbicides in cereals combined with ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

“…It is estimated that, if left unchecked, weeds would have the highest impact on global crop yields (34% reduction) compared to pathogens and animal pests . Therefore, control of weeds is of the utmost importance to secure the food supply for the increasing world population.…”