4-Port 2-Element MIMO Antenna for 5G Portable Applications

Chattha, Hassan Tariq

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2925351

Cited by 94 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This is due to the MS unit cells present between the adjacent antennas, which serve as the decoupling structure. The mechanism of coupling reduction between MIMO elements placing periodic structures between the antenna elements is well explained in [41,55]. The transmission coefficient for |S12|, |S14|, |S23|, and |S34| show identical curves due to the symmetrical geometry of the respective antennas.…”

Section: ) Transmission Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…On the other hand, the use of multiple-input-multiple-out (MIMO) both in transmitting and receiving ends provides multiple paths for data traffic, thus increases the data rate, capacity, spectral efficiency, and link reliability [37]. Therefore antennas with MIMO functionality is the key requirements for 5G technology and are presented in the literature [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Most of the antennas designed for 5G mmwave (26/28 GHz) band are linearly polarized (LP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metasurface-Based Single-Layer Wideband Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna for 5G Millimeter-Wave Systems

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a metasurface-based single-layer low-profile circularly polarized (CP) antenna with the wideband operation and its multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configuration for fifth-generation (5G) communication systems. The antenna consists of a truncated corner patch and a metasurface (MS) of a 2 × 2 periodic square metallic plates. The distinguishing feature of this design is that all the radiating elements (radiator and MS) are printed on the single-layer of the dielectric substrate, which ensures the low-profile and low-cost features of the antenna while maintaining high gain and wideband characteristics. The wideband CP radiations are realized by exploiting surface-waves along the MS and its radiation mechanism is explained in detail. The single-layer antenna geometry has an overall compact size of 1.0λ0 × 1.0λ0 × 0.04λ0. Simulated and measured results show that the single-layer metasurface antenna has a wide 10 dB impedance bandwidth of 23.4 % (24.5-31 GHz) (23.4 %) and overlapping 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 16.8 % (25-29.6 GHz). The antenna also offers stable radiation patterns with a high radiation efficiency (>95%) and a flat gain of 11 dBic. Moreover, a 4-port (2 × 2) MIMO antenna is designed using the proposed design by placing each element perpendicular to each other. Without a dedicated decoupling structure, the MIMO antenna shows an excellent diversity performance in terms of isolation between antenna elements, envelope correlation coefficient, and channel capacity loss. Most importantly, the operational bandwidth of the antenna covers the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band (25-29.5 GHz) assigned for 5G communication. These features of the proposed antenna system make it a suitable candidate for 5G smart devices and sensors.

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Section: ) Transmission Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metasurface-Based Single-Layer Wideband Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna for 5G Millimeter-Wave Systems

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, the proposed antenna demonstrably exhibits excellent on-body characteristics, including relatively high gain (not reported for the benchmark cases). The remaining competitive structures, [29]- [31], are also shown inferior despite being designed for linear polarization only.…”

Section: H Benchmarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced-Performance Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna With Polarization/Pattern Diversity

2020

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Design of a compact wideband circularly polarized (CP) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with polarization diversity is proposed and characterized for off-body communication. The antenna is based on a simple coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole extension of the microstrip line. The orthogonal field components required by CP are induced using a simply modified right/left side ground plane. In particular, a stub extending from the ground plane along the length of the microstrip line generates the vertical component, whereas the current along the width of the ground plane contributes to the horizontal components. To obtain a unidirectional radiation pattern in the off-body direction and to reduce the sensitivity to the human body loading effects, a flat reflector printed on a high permittivity flexible substrate is applied. The simple topology of the antenna can be described by a few adjustable parameters, which facilitates its EM design closure. Prior to the experimental validation in the free space and on the body, the antenna is optimized at the full-wave level of description for all major performance figures. The overall footprint of the antenna radiator is only L s × W s = 0.24 λ 0 × 0.64 λ 0 = 0.15 λ 2 0. The proposed MIMO antenna features |S 11 | ≤ −10 dB, average isolation |S 21 | ≤ −22 dB, and axial ratio (AR) ≤ 3 dB from 5.2 GHz to 6.3 GHz with 100% bandwidth overlap between the impedance and axial ratio bandwidths. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.004 with the maximum diversity gain (DG) of approximately 9.99 dB. Moreover, the antenna maintains a high efficiency of up to 90% when loaded on the body, and a low specific absorption rate (SAR). INDEX TERMS Circular polarization antennas, MIMO antennas, compact antennas, wideband antennas, simulation-driven design.

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“…This shift has raised the need to explore technologies, which can support this immense amount of data transfer by using the wireless communication systems. The antennas relying on multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology have enabled 5G to meet the latency, capacity, and the bandwidth requirements to support the demands of the ever-growing number of wireless communication users [ 1 , 2 ]. A lot of research efforts have been put to increase the number of active antenna elements on the base station (BS) to enhance the overall system capacity [ 3 ] and increase bandwidth utilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Band and Dual Diversity Four-Element MIMO Dipole for 5G Handsets

Jamshed

Ur-Rehman

Frnda

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The increasing popularity of using wireless devices to handle routine tasks has increased the demand for incorporating multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology to utilize limited bandwidth efficiently. The presence of comparatively large space at the base station (BS) makes it straightforward to exploit the MIMO technology’s useful properties. From a mobile handset point of view, and limited space at the mobile handset, complex procedures are required to increase the number of active antenna elements. In this paper, to address such type of issues, a four-element MIMO dual band, dual diversity, dipole antenna has been proposed for 5G-enabled handsets. The proposed antenna design relies on space diversity as well as pattern diversity to provide an acceptable MIMO performance. The proposed dipole antenna simultaneously operates at 3.6 and 4.7 sub-6 GHz bands. The usefulness of the proposed 4×4 MIMO dipole antenna has been verified by comparing the simulated and measured results using a fabricated version of the proposed antenna. A specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis has been carried out using CST Voxel (a heterogeneous biological human head) model, which shows maximum SAR value for 10 g of head tissue is well below the permitted value of 2.0 W/kg. The total efficiency of each antenna element in this structure is −2.88, −3.12, −1.92 and −2.45 dB at 3.6 GHz, while at 4.7 GHz are −1.61, −2.19, −1.72 and −1.18 dB respectively. The isolation, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) between the adjacent ports and the loss in capacity is below the standard margin, making the structure appropriate for MIMO applications. The effect of handgrip and the housing box on the total antenna efficiency is analyzed, and only 5% variation is observed, which results from careful placement of antenna elements.

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4-Port 2-Element MIMO Antenna for 5G Portable Applications

Cited by 94 publications

References 18 publications

Metasurface-Based Single-Layer Wideband Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna for 5G Millimeter-Wave Systems

Metasurface-Based Single-Layer Wideband Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna for 5G Millimeter-Wave Systems

Enhanced-Performance Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna With Polarization/Pattern Diversity

Dual Band and Dual Diversity Four-Element MIMO Dipole for 5G Handsets

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